构建重大新发传染病疫情期间公众使用的应急准备评估指标体系：德尔菲研究。
Constructing an emergency preparedness evaluation index system for public use during major emerging infectious disease outbreaks: a Delphi study.
机构信息
School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, China.
Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jun 8;23(1):1109. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15980-6.
BACKGROUND
The major emerging infectious diseases (MEIDs) have occurred frequently and become increasingly serious in the world. Sufficient personal emergency preparedness is critical for the general people in efficiently responding to and recovering from MEIDs. Nevertheless, few specific indicators are available for assessing the individual emergency preparedness of the general public during these periods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to construct an index system for comprehensively evaluating the personal emergency preparedness of the public regarding MEIDs.
METHODS
Based on the global national-level emergency preparedness index framework and a literature review, a preliminary index system was constructed. From June 2022 to September 2022, a panel of 20 experts from nine provinces and municipalities across multiple research areas participated in this Delphi study. They rated the importance of pre-defined indicators using a five-point Likert scale and provided their qualitative comments. According to the feedback of each round of experts, the indicators of the evaluation index system were revised.
RESULTS
After two rounds of expert consultation the evaluation index system reached a consensus, containing five first-level indicators, cooperating with prevention and control work, improving emergency response capacity, securing supplies and equipment, preparing economic resources, maintaining physical and mental health with affiliated 20 s-level indicators and 53 third-level indicators. The expert authority coefficient of consultation was 0.88 and 0.90. The Kendall's coefficient of concordance of expert consultations was 0.294 and 0.322, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
A valid, reliable and scientific evaluation index system was established. This personal emergency preparedness index system, as a precursor form, will further lay the foundation for the formation of an assessment instrument. At the same time, it could provide a reference for future education and training of emergency preparedness for the general public.
背景
重大新发传染病（MEIDs）在世界范围内频繁发生且日益严重。普通民众充分的个人应急准备对于有效应对和从 MEIDs 中恢复至关重要。然而，在这些时期，几乎没有具体指标可用于评估普通公众的个人应急准备情况。因此，本研究旨在构建一个全面评估公众对 MEIDs 的个人应急准备情况的指标体系。
方法
基于全球国家级应急准备指数框架和文献回顾，构建了一个初步的指标体系。2022 年 6 月至 2022 年 9 月，来自九个省、直辖市的 20 名多领域专家组成了一个专家组，参与了这项德尔菲研究。他们使用五点 Likert 量表对预先定义的指标的重要性进行评分，并提供了定性意见。根据每轮专家的反馈，对评价指标体系的指标进行了修订。
结果
经过两轮专家咨询，评价指标体系达成共识，包含五个一级指标，配合防控工作、提高应急响应能力、保障物资和设备、准备经济资源、保持身心健康，下设 20 个二级指标和 53 个三级指标。咨询专家权威系数为 0.88 和 0.90。两轮专家咨询的肯德尔协调系数分别为 0.294 和 0.322，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。
结论
建立了一个有效、可靠和科学的评价指标体系。该个人应急准备指数体系作为前导形式，将进一步为公众应急准备评估工具的形成奠定基础。同时，可为未来公众应急准备教育和培训提供参考。
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