National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Temporomandibular Joint, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Int J Clin Pract. 2023 May 31;2023:2857115. doi: 10.1155/2023/2857115. eCollection 2023.
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).
A total of 345 TMD patients were included. A questionnaire consisting of questions of demographic information, the 15-item short form of the Hewitt and Flett Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) was distributed. According to the diagnostic criteria for TMDs, patients were categorized as pain-related (PT) and non-pain-related (NPT) groups, whereas PT patients were further divided into patients with pain-related TMDs only (OPT) and patients with combined pain-related and intra-articular TMDs (CPT). Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression analysis with the significance level set at < 0.05.
There were 68 patients in the NPT group, 80 in the OPT group, and 197 in the CPT group. PT patients had significantly higher perfectionism scores (63.58 ± 13.63) than NPT patients (56.32 ± 12.95, < 0.001). The PHQ-4 score in the PT group was also higher. After adjusting the PHQ-4 scores, perfectionism scores of the PT group were 6.11 points higher than those in the NPT group ( < 0.001). There were no statistical differences in all parameters of OPT and CPT groups ( > 0.05). Perfectionism in total, other-oriented perfectionism (OOP), and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) showed significant but weak correlations with PHQ-4 scores ( < 0.001), while self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) was also significantly but very weakly correlated with PHQ-4 scores ( < 0.05).
Pain-related TMD patients exhibited higher perfectionism scores than NPT patients, and neither their perfectionism nor pain scores were correlated with intra-articular diseases of TMJ. OOP and SOP presented weak correlations with psychological distress in TMD patients. It is suggested that pain-related TMD patients could be screened for perfectionism and perfectionism could be considered when proposing psychological treatment strategies to PT patients.
本横断面研究旨在探讨颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）患者完美主义与疼痛之间的关系。
共纳入 345 例 TMD 患者。分发了一份包含人口统计学信息、Hewitt 和 Flett 多维完美主义量表 15 项简短形式和患者健康问卷-4（PHQ-4）问题的问卷。根据 TMD 的诊断标准，患者被分为与疼痛相关（PT）和非疼痛相关（NPT）组，而 PT 患者进一步分为仅与疼痛相关的 TMD 患者（OPT）和与疼痛相关和关节内 TMD 混合的患者（CPT）。使用卡方检验、Spearman 相关和逻辑回归分析进行数据分析，显著性水平设为 < 0.05。
NPT 组 68 例，OPT 组 80 例，CPT 组 197 例。PT 患者的完美主义评分明显高于 NPT 患者（63.58±13.63 比 56.32±12.95， < 0.001）。PT 组的 PHQ-4 评分也更高。调整 PHQ-4 评分后，PT 组的完美主义评分比 NPT 组高 6.11 分（ < 0.001）。OPT 和 CPT 组的所有参数均无统计学差异（ > 0.05）。总完美主义、他人导向完美主义（OOP）和社会规定的完美主义（SPP）与 PHQ-4 评分呈显著但弱相关（ < 0.001），而自我导向的完美主义（SOP）与 PHQ-4 评分也呈显著但非常弱的相关（ < 0.05）。
与疼痛相关的 TMD 患者表现出较高的完美主义评分，而他们的完美主义和疼痛评分与 TMJ 的关节内疾病均无相关性。OOP 和 SOP 与 TMD 患者的心理困扰呈弱相关。建议对与疼痛相关的 TMD 患者进行完美主义筛查，并在向 PT 患者提出心理治疗策略时考虑完美主义。
