Zhao Yuxin, Li Xiaofeng, Ye Chong, Huang Cheng, Lv Xiongwen, Li Jun
Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei, China.
The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education Hefei, China.
Am J Cancer Res. 2023 May 15;13(5):1656-1666. eCollection 2023.
Since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993, numerous studies have focused on their biogenesis, their functions on regulating a diversity of cellular processes, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their regulatory activity. The critical roles they play during pathogenesis have also been explored. With the advancement on next-generation sequencing, new classes of small RNA with distinct functions have been discovered. Among them, tRNA derived fragment (tsRNAs) have become a center of studies due to their similarity to miRNA. In this review, we summarized the biogenesis of miRNA and tsRNAs, the molecular mechanisms of their functions, and their important roles during the development of diseases. The similarity and difference between miRNA and tsRNAs were also discussed.
自1993年发现首个微小RNA（miRNA）以来，众多研究聚焦于其生物发生过程、在调控多种细胞过程中的功能以及其调控活性的分子机制。它们在发病机制中所起的关键作用也已得到探索。随着下一代测序技术的进步，已发现了具有不同功能的新型小RNA。其中，转运RNA衍生片段（tsRNAs）因其与miRNA相似而成为研究热点。在本综述中，我们总结了miRNA和tsRNAs的生物发生过程、其功能的分子机制以及它们在疾病发展过程中的重要作用。同时也讨论了miRNA和tsRNAs之间的异同。
