Yamada K, Itoh S, Saitoh S, Nakai O, Wechsler W
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1986 Apr;13(4 Pt 2):1241-8.
The 6-day subrenal capsule assay was used to determine chemotherapeutic sensitivities of brain tumors. Twenty-nine brain tumors were obtained at the time of surgical resection. A minced tumor fragment (1-mm cube) was implanted under the renal capsule of 5- to 8- week-old normal female ddY mice. Each fragment was measured at two diameters using ocular micrometer unit (10 omu = 1.0 mm). The animals were randomized, usually 5 to 7 per group, and treated with anticancer drugs on day 1 through 5. On day 6, the mice were killed. The kidney was exteriorized and the tumor was again measured. The change in tumor size was obtained for each animal by ratio of the final tumor size/the initial tumor size. Sensitivities of tumors to anticancer agents were determined by comparing differences in mean values of the change in tumor size between control and treated group. Twenty-seven out of 29 specimens (93%) were submitted to evaluable assay. The response rate of 11 malignant gliomas (grade 3 and 4) was 44% and that to anticancer drugs tested were as follow: 5-FU 78%, ACNU and CPA 50%, VCR 40%, CDDP 36%. The response rate of 3 medulloblastomas was 36%: MTX 67%, CPA 50%, ACNU and CDDP 33%. That of two low-grade gliomas (grade 2) was 29%, while that of 4 malignant brain tumors (2 metastasis, chordoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma) was 60%. Four neurinomas and 3 meningiomas were not sensitive to Tamoxifen and none were determined for estrogen receptor. In histological analysis, the transplanted tumor retained similar characteristics to the original tumor in the cases of neurinomas, meningiomas and some gliomas. Lymphocytic infiltration was observed in many cases. In the cases of metastasis (adenocarcinomas), considerable mesenchymation and lymphocytic infiltration was observed, tumor cells were reduced in number with poor preservation. Clinical response in 9 cases treated with sensitive drugs were 1 complete response, 2 partial response, 5 stable and 1 progressive disease in CT examination. The subrenal capsule assay is therefore considered to be very useful for determining suitable chemotherapeutic agents for brain tumors.
采用6天肾包膜下测定法来确定脑肿瘤的化疗敏感性。在手术切除时获取了29个脑肿瘤样本。将切碎的肿瘤组织块（1立方毫米）植入5至8周龄正常雌性ddY小鼠的肾包膜下。使用目镜测微计（10个目镜测微单位=1.0毫米）测量每个组织块的两个直径。将动物随机分组，每组通常5至7只，并在第1天至第5天用抗癌药物进行治疗。在第6天，处死小鼠。将肾脏取出并再次测量肿瘤大小。通过最终肿瘤大小与初始肿瘤大小的比值来计算每只动物肿瘤大小的变化。通过比较对照组和治疗组肿瘤大小变化平均值的差异来确定肿瘤对抗癌药物的敏感性。29个样本中有27个（93%）进行了可评估测定。11例恶性胶质瘤（3级和4级）的缓解率为44%，对所测试抗癌药物的缓解率如下：5-氟尿嘧啶78%，阿糖胞苷和环磷酰胺50%，长春新碱40%，顺铂36%。3例髓母细胞瘤的缓解率为36%：甲氨蝶呤67%，环磷酰胺50%，阿糖胞苷和顺铂33%。2例低级别胶质瘤（2级）的缓解率为29%，而4例恶性脑肿瘤（2例转移瘤、脊索瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤）的缓解率为60%。4例神经鞘瘤和3例脑膜瘤对他莫昔芬不敏感，且均未检测到雌激素受体。组织学分析显示，在神经鞘瘤、脑膜瘤和一些胶质瘤病例中，移植肿瘤保留了与原发肿瘤相似的特征。在许多病例中观察到淋巴细胞浸润。在转移瘤（腺癌）病例中，观察到大量间充质化和淋巴细胞浸润，肿瘤细胞数量减少且保存不佳。9例使用敏感药物治疗的患者在CT检查中的临床反应为：1例完全缓解，2例部分缓解，5例病情稳定，1例病情进展。因此，肾包膜下测定法被认为对于确定适合脑肿瘤的化疗药物非常有用。
