Ferlizza Enea, Romaniello Donatella, Borrelli Francesco, Pagano Federica, Girone Cinzia, Gelfo Valerio, Kuhre Rikke Sofie, Morselli Alessandra, Mazzeschi Martina, Sgarzi Michela, Filippini Daria Maria, D'Uva Gabriele, Lauriola Mattia
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 May 30;15(11):2970. doi: 10.3390/cancers15112970.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of great interest to study the cellular mechanisms of cancer development and to diagnose and monitor cancer progression. EVs are a highly heterogeneous population of cell derived particles, which include microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs). EVs deliver intercellular messages transferring proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites with implications for tumour progression, invasiveness, and metastasis. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a major driver of cancer. Tumour cells with activated EGFR could produce EVs disseminating EGFR itself or its ligands. This review provides an overview of EVs (mainly EXOs and MVs) and their cargo, with a subsequent focus on their production and effects related to EGFR activation. In particular, in vitro studies performed in EGFR-dependent solid tumours and/or cell cultures will be explored, thus shedding light on the interplay between EGFR and EVs production in promoting cancer progression, metastases, and resistance to therapies. Finally, an overview of liquid biopsy approaches involving EGFR and EVs in the blood/plasma of EGFR-dependent tumour patients will also be discussed to evaluate their possible application as candidate biomarkers.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）对于研究癌症发展的细胞机制以及诊断和监测癌症进展具有重要意义。EVs是一类高度异质的细胞衍生颗粒群体，包括微囊泡（MVs）和外泌体（EXOs）。EVs传递细胞间信息，转运蛋白质、脂质、核酸和代谢产物，对肿瘤进展、侵袭和转移具有影响。表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）是癌症的主要驱动因素。具有激活型EGFR的肿瘤细胞可产生EVs，传播EGFR自身或其配体。本综述概述了EVs（主要是EXOs和MVs）及其所载物质，随后重点关注其与EGFR激活相关的产生和作用。特别是，将探讨在EGFR依赖性实体瘤和/或细胞培养中进行的体外研究，从而揭示EGFR与EVs产生在促进癌症进展、转移和治疗耐药性方面的相互作用。最后，还将讨论涉及EGFR和EVs在EGFR依赖性肿瘤患者血液/血浆中的液体活检方法概述，以评估它们作为候选生物标志物的可能应用。
