Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg, UMR7364, CNRS, 12 Rue Goethe, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 May 31;24(11):9574. doi: 10.3390/ijms24119574.
Eating disorders are multifactorial disorders that involve maladaptive feeding behaviors. Binge eating disorder (BED), the most prevalent of these in both men and women, is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating large amounts of food in a short period of time, with a subjective loss of control over eating behavior. BED modulates the brain reward circuit in humans and animal models, which involves the dynamic regulation of the dopamine circuitry. The endocannabinoid system plays a major role in the regulation of food intake, both centrally and in the periphery. Pharmacological approaches together with research using genetically modified animals have strongly highlighted a predominant role of the endocannabinoid system in feeding behaviors, with the specific modulation of addictive-like eating behaviors. The purpose of the present review is to summarize our current knowledge on the neurobiology of BED in humans and animal models and to highlight the specific role of the endocannabinoid system in the development and maintenance of BED. A proposed model for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involving the endocannabinoid system is discussed. Future research will be necessary to develop more specific treatment strategies to reduce BED symptoms.
进食障碍是一种多因素疾病，涉及适应不良的进食行为。暴食障碍（BED）是这些障碍中在男性和女性中最常见的一种，其特征是反复发作的在短时间内大量进食，并且对进食行为失去主观控制。BED 调节人类和动物模型中的大脑奖励回路，其中涉及多巴胺回路的动态调节。内源性大麻素系统在中枢和外周对食物摄入的调节中起着重要作用。药理学方法和使用基因修饰动物的研究强烈地强调了内源性大麻素系统在进食行为中的主要作用，特别是对成瘾样进食行为的调节。本综述的目的是总结我们目前对人类和动物模型中 BED 的神经生物学的认识，并强调内源性大麻素系统在 BED 的发展和维持中的特定作用。讨论了一个用于更好地理解涉及内源性大麻素系统的潜在机制的建议模型。未来的研究将有必要开发更具体的治疗策略来减轻 BED 症状。
