Chen Kaiyang, Ma Lei, Chen Chen, Liu Na, Wang Bo, Bao Yuying, Liu Zhengrong, Zhou Guoying
Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 May 25;12(11):2102. doi: 10.3390/plants12112102.
(Maxinowicz) Pascher (Solanaceae) is a traditional Chinese herb that is widely used in folklore and clinical practice. In recent years, wild populations have been severely impacted to the point of extinction due to over-harvesting and reclamation. Therefore, artificial cultivation is important to relieve the pressure of market demand and protect wild plant resources. Using a "3414" fertilization design, i.e., 3 factors (N, P, and K), 4 levels, and 14 fertilization treatments, with 3 replicates and a total of 42 experimental plots, was harvested in October 2020, June 2021, August 2021, and October 2021, and the yield and alkaloid content were determined. The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the standardization of cultivation. Biomass accumulation and alkaloid content showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and the biomass accumulation was the highest at the application levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in T6 and T9 and at the application levels of medium and low potassium. The alkaloid content showed an increasing trend between October of the first year and June of the second year and a decreasing trend in the second year with the increase in the harvesting period. Yield and alkaloid yield showed a decreasing trend between October of the first year and June of the second year and an increasing trend in the second year with the increase in the harvesting period. The recommended application rates are 225-300 kg/ha for nitrogen, 850-960 kg/ha for phosphorus, and 65-85 kg/ha for potassium.
（马新诺维茨）帕舍尔（茄科）是一种传统的中草药，在民间传说和临床实践中广泛使用。近年来，由于过度采收和开垦，野生种群受到严重影响，濒临灭绝。因此，人工栽培对于缓解市场需求压力和保护野生植物资源具有重要意义。采用“3414”施肥设计，即3个因素（氮、磷、钾）、4个水平和14种施肥处理，设置3次重复，共42个试验小区，于2020年10月、2021年6月、2021年8月和2021年10月进行收获，并测定产量和生物碱含量。该研究旨在为规范化栽培提供理论依据和技术参考。生物量积累和生物碱含量随氮、磷、钾的施用呈现先增加后降低的趋势，在T6和T9处理中氮、磷施用水平以及中低钾施用水平下生物量积累最高。随着采收期的增加，生物碱含量在第一年10月至第二年6月呈增加趋势，在第二年呈下降趋势。产量和生物碱产量在第一年10月至第二年6月呈下降趋势，在第二年随着采收期的增加呈上升趋势。推荐施用量为氮225 - 300千克/公顷、磷850 - 960千克/公顷、钾65 - 85千克/公顷。
