Lin En-Shyh, Huang Yen-Hua, Chung Jo-Chi, Su Hsin-Hui, Huang Cheng-Yang
Department of Beauty Science, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung City 403, Taiwan.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
Plants (Basel). 2023 May 31;12(11):2188. doi: 10.3390/plants12112188.
The carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus exhibit many ethnobotanical uses, including treatments of stomachache and fever. In this study, we prepared different extracts from the pitcher, stem, and leaf extracts of obtained using 100% methanol and analyzed their inhibitory effects on recombinant single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) from (KpSSB). SSB is essential for DNA replication and cell survival and thus an attractive target for potential antipathogen chemotherapy. Different extracts prepared from , a tuberous member of the flowering plant family Gesneriaceae, were also used to investigate anti-KpSSB properties. Among these extracts, the stem extract of exhibited the highest anti-KpSSB activity with an IC value of 15.0 ± 1.8 μg/mL. The cytotoxic effects of the stem extract of on the survival and apoptosis of the cancer cell lines Ca9-22 gingival carcinoma, CAL27 oral adenosquamous carcinoma, PC-9 pulmonary adenocarcinoma, B16F10 melanoma, and 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells were also demonstrated and compared. Based on collective data, the cytotoxic activities of the stem extract at a concentration of 20 μg/mL followed the order Ca9-22 > CAL27 > PC9 > 4T1 > B16F10 cells. The stem extract of at a concentration of 40 μg/mL completely inhibited Ca9-22 cell migration and proliferation. In addition, incubation with this extract at a concentration of 20 μg/mL boosted the distribution of the G2 phase from 7.9% to 29.2% in the Ca9-22 cells; in other words, the stem extract might suppress Ca9-22 cell proliferation by inducing G2 cell cycle arrest. Through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the 16 most abundant compounds in the stem extract of were tentatively identified. The 10 most abundant compounds in the stem extract of were used for docking analysis, and their docking scores were compared. The binding capacity of these compounds was in the order sitosterol > hexadecanoic acid > oleic acid > plumbagin > 2-ethyl-3-methylnaphtho[2,3-b]thiophene-4,9-dione > methyl α-d-galactopyranoside > 3-methoxycatechol > catechol > pyrogallol > hydroxyhydroquinone; thus, sitosterol might exhibit the greatest inhibitory capacity against KpSSB among the selected compounds. Overall, these results may indicate the pharmacological potential of for further therapeutic applications.
猪笼草属的食肉性猪笼草有许多民族植物学用途，包括治疗胃痛和发烧。在本研究中，我们使用100%甲醇制备了[植物名称]猪笼草的笼、茎和叶提取物，并分析了它们对肺炎克雷伯菌重组单链DNA结合蛋白（KpSSB）的抑制作用。SSB对DNA复制和细胞存活至关重要，因此是潜在抗病原体化疗的一个有吸引力的靶点。还使用了从苦苣苔科开花植物家族的一种块茎成员[植物名称]制备的不同提取物来研究其抗KpSSB特性。在这些提取物中，[植物名称]的茎提取物表现出最高的抗KpSSB活性，IC50值为15.0±1.8μg/mL。还证明并比较了[植物名称]茎提取物对癌细胞系Ca9-22牙龈癌、CAL27口腔腺鳞癌、PC-9肺腺癌、B16F10黑色素瘤和4T1乳腺癌细胞的存活和凋亡的细胞毒性作用。根据汇总数据，20μg/mL浓度的茎提取物的细胞毒性活性顺序为Ca9-22>CAL27>PC9>4T1>B16F10细胞。40μg/mL浓度的[植物名称]茎提取物完全抑制Ca9-22细胞迁移和增殖。此外，用20μg/mL浓度的该提取物孵育可使Ca9-22细胞中G2期的分布从7.9%提高到29.2%；换句话说，茎提取物可能通过诱导G2期细胞周期停滞来抑制Ca9-22细胞增殖。通过气相色谱-质谱联用，初步鉴定了[植物名称]茎提取物中16种含量最高的化合物。使用[植物名称]茎提取物中10种含量最高的化合物进行对接分析，并比较了它们的对接分数。这些化合物的结合能力顺序为：谷甾醇>十六烷酸>油酸>白花丹素>2-乙基-3-甲基萘并[2,3-b]噻吩-4,9-二酮>α-D-吡喃半乳糖甲基苷>3-甲氧基邻苯二酚>邻苯二酚>连苯三酚>羟基对苯二酚；因此，在所选化合物中，谷甾醇可能对KpSSB表现出最大的抑制能力。总体而言，这些结果可能表明[植物名称]在进一步治疗应用方面的药理学潜力。
