Huang Yen-Hua, Chiang Wei-Yu, Chen Pin-Jui, Lin En-Shyh, Huang Cheng-Yang
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
Department of Beauty Science, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung City 403, Taiwan.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jun 23;11(13):1668. doi: 10.3390/plants11131668.
The carnivorous pitcher plant exhibits many ethnobotanical uses, including the treatments of type 2 diabetes and tuberculosis-like symptoms. In this study, we prepared different extracts from the leaves (pitchers), stems, and roots of and investigated their antioxidant and anticancer properties. To evaluate the extraction efficiency, we individually used different solvents, namely methanol, ethanol, acetone, and distilled water, for extract preparations. The root extract of , obtained by 100% acetone (), had the highest anticancer activities, antioxidation capacity (the DPPH activity with IC of 89.3 ± 2.2 μg/mL), antibacterial activities, total phenolic content (33.4 ± 0.7 mg GAE/g), and total flavonoid content (107.9 ± 2.2 mg QUE/g). The most abundant compounds in were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; 7,8-Dihydro-α-ionone was the major compound present in . In addition, the co-cytotoxicity of (combined with the clinical anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the survival, apoptosis, proliferation, and migration of the 4T1 mammary carcinoma) was examined. The combination of 5-FU with could be highly efficient for anti-4T1 cells. We also found that could inhibit the enzymatic activity of human dihydroorotase (huDHOase), an attractive target for potential anticancer chemotherapy. The sic most abundant compounds in were tested using an in silico analysis via MOE-Dock software for their binding affinities. The top-ranked docking conformations were observed for 7,8-dihydro-α-ionone and stigmast-5-en-3-ol, suggesting the inhibition potential against huDHOase. Overall, the collective data in this study may indicate the pharmacological potentials of for possible medical applications.
食肉猪笼草具有多种民族植物学用途，包括治疗2型糖尿病和类似肺结核的症状。在本研究中，我们从猪笼草的叶子（捕虫笼）、茎和根中制备了不同的提取物，并研究了它们的抗氧化和抗癌特性。为了评估提取效率，我们分别使用不同的溶剂，即甲醇、乙醇、丙酮和蒸馏水来制备猪笼草提取物。用100%丙酮获得的猪笼草根提取物具有最高的抗癌活性、抗氧化能力（DPPH活性，IC为89.3±2.2μg/mL）、抗菌活性、总酚含量（33.4±0.7mg GAE/g）和总黄酮含量（107.9±2.2mg QUE/g）。利用气相色谱-质谱法鉴定了猪笼草中含量最丰富的化合物；7,8-二氢-α-紫罗兰酮是猪笼草中的主要化合物。此外，还检测了猪笼草提取物（与临床抗癌药物5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）联合使用）对4T1乳腺癌细胞存活、凋亡、增殖和迁移的共细胞毒性。5-FU与猪笼草提取物联合使用对4T1细胞可能具有高效性。我们还发现猪笼草提取物可以抑制人二氢乳清酸酶（huDHOase）的酶活性，huDHOase是潜在抗癌化疗的一个有吸引力的靶点。通过MOE-Dock软件对猪笼草中六种含量最丰富的化合物进行了计算机模拟分析，测试了它们的结合亲和力。观察到7,8-二氢-α-紫罗兰酮和豆甾-5-烯-3-醇的对接构象排名靠前，表明它们对huDHOase具有抑制潜力。总体而言，本研究中的综合数据可能表明猪笼草在医学应用方面具有药理潜力。
