Wu Huijing, Jiang Lanlan, Li Jin'e, Lu Min, An Huaming
Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Rosa roxburghii, Guiyang 550025, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jun 1;12(11):2194. doi: 10.3390/plants12112194.
f. Ku is a variety of , with two known genotypes: Wuci 1 and Wuci 2. The lack of prickle on the peel of f. makes it easy to pick and process, but its fruit size is small. Therefore, we aim to induce polyploidy in order to obtain a larger fruit variety of f. . In this study, current-year stems of Wuci 1 and Wuci 2 were used as materials for polyploid induction, which was carried out through colchicine treatment coupled with tissue culture and rapid propagation technology. Impregnation and smearing methods were effectively used to produce polyploids. Using flow cytometry and a chromosome counting method, it was found that one autotetraploid of Wuci 1 (2 = 4 = 28) was obtained by the impregnation method before primary culture, with a variation rate of 1.11%. Meanwhile, seven Wuci 2 bud mutation tetraploids (2 = 4 = 28) were produced by smearing methods during the training seedling stage. When tissue-culture seedlings were treated with 20 mg/L colchicine for 15 days, the highest polyploidy rate was up to 60%. Morphological differences between different ploidys were observed. The side leaflet shape index, guard cell length, and stomatal length of the Wuci 1 tetraploid were significantly different from those of the Wuci 1 diploid. The terminal leaflet width, terminal leaflet shape index, side leaflet length, side leaflet width, guard cell length, guard cell width, stomatal length, and stomatal width of the Wuci 2 tetraploid were significantly different from those of the Wuci 2 diploid. Additionally, the leaf color of the Wuci 1 and Wuci 2 tetraploids changed from light to dark, with an initial decrease in chlorophyll content followed by an increase. In summary, this study established an effective method for inducing polyploids in f. , which could provide a foundation for the breeding and development of new genetic resources for f. and other varieties in the future.
f. 库是 的一个变种，已知有两种基因型：乌刺1号和乌刺2号。f. 的果皮上没有刺，便于采摘和加工，但其果实较小。因此，我们旨在诱导多倍体，以获得更大果实的f. 变种。在本研究中，以乌刺1号和乌刺2号当年生茎段为材料进行多倍体诱导，采用秋水仙素处理结合组织培养和快速繁殖技术。浸渍法和涂抹法有效地用于产生多倍体。通过流式细胞术和染色体计数法发现，在初代培养前采用浸渍法获得了1株乌刺1号同源四倍体（2n = 4x = 28），变异率为1.11%。同时，在炼苗阶段采用涂抹法产生了7株乌刺2号芽变四倍体（2n = 4x = 28）。当组织培养苗用20 mg/L秋水仙素处理15天时，最高多倍体率可达60%。观察到不同倍性之间的形态差异。乌刺1号四倍体的侧小叶形状指数、保卫细胞长度和气孔长度与乌刺1号二倍体有显著差异。乌刺2号四倍体的顶小叶宽度、顶小叶形状指数、侧小叶长度、侧小叶宽度、保卫细胞长度、保卫细胞宽度、气孔长度和气孔宽度与乌刺2号二倍体有显著差异。此外，乌刺1号和乌刺2号四倍体的叶片颜色由浅变深，叶绿素含量先降低后升高。综上所述，本研究建立了一种有效的f. 多倍体诱导方法，可为f. 及未来其他 变种的遗传资源育种和开发提供基础。
