Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 538, Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06110, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients. 2023 May 24;15(11):2443. doi: 10.3390/nu15112443.
Menopause is a hormone-deficiency state that causes facial flushing, vaginal dryness, depression, anxiety, insomnia, obesity, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease as ovarian function decreases. Hormone-replacement therapy is mainly used to treat menopause; however, its long-term use is accompanied by side effects such as breast cancer and endometriosis. To identify the effect of a complex extract of () and () on improving menopause without side effects, an ovariectomized rat model was established to analyze several menopause symptoms. Compared to single extracts, the complex extract restored vaginal epithelial cell thickness and decreased serotonin concentration by increasing the estrogen receptors ERα (ESR1) and ERβ (ESR2), depending on the ratio. Although the complex extract exerted a lower weight-loss effect than the single extracts, improved blood-lipid metabolism was observed after increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and decreasing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis was alleviated by suppressing osteoclast production. Thus, by increasing only ERβ expression without regulating ERα expression in the uterus, the complex extract of PS and NS may be a natural treatment for improving menopause symptoms without side effects, such as endometriosis.
绝经是一种由于卵巢功能下降导致的激素缺乏状态，会引起面部潮红、阴道干燥、抑郁、焦虑、失眠、肥胖、骨质疏松和心血管疾病。激素替代疗法主要用于治疗绝经，但长期使用会伴随乳腺癌和子宫内膜异位症等副作用。为了确定（）和（）的复杂提取物改善绝经而无副作用的效果，建立了去卵巢大鼠模型来分析几种绝经症状。与单一提取物相比，复杂提取物通过增加雌激素受体 ERα（ESR1）和 ERβ（ESR2）（取决于比例）来恢复阴道上皮细胞厚度并降低血清素浓度，从而改善了这些症状。尽管复杂提取物的减肥效果低于单一提取物，但通过增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平、降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯水平，改善了血液脂质代谢，并且通过抑制破骨细胞生成缓解了去卵巢引起的骨质疏松。因此，通过仅增加子宫中 ERβ 的表达而不调节 ERα 的表达，PS 和 NS 的复杂提取物可能是一种天然的治疗方法，可改善绝经症状而无副作用，如子宫内膜异位症。
