绝经后妇女代谢综合征与宗教禁食的相互作用。

The Interplay between Metabolic Syndrome and Religious Fasting in Postmenopausal Women.

机构信息

Department of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece.

Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2023 May 26;15(11):2478. doi: 10.3390/nu15112478.

DOI:10.3390/nu15112478

PMID:37299441

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10255397/

Abstract

Religious fasting that involves abstinence from specific food(s) is part of many religions worldwide and has been gaining attention by the research community during the last years. The study aimed to investigate whether the periodic Christian Orthodox fasting mitigates the changes in body composition, dietary intake, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal women. One hundred and thirty-four postmenopausal women aged 57.3 ± 6.7 years participated in this study. The Christian Orthodox fasting was followed by 68 postmenopausal women since their childhood, whereas 66 postmenopausal women were non-fasters. Data collection involved anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary information. Postmenopausal women who fasted according to Christian Orthodox Church recommendations had significantly higher mean fat free mass (45 vs. 44 kg, = 0.002), hip circumference (104 vs. 99 cm, = 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (79 vs. 82 mmHg, = 0.024). No other differences were found with regards to anthropometric data. Fasters also consumed significantly less fat (78 vs. 91 g, = 0.006), as well as saturated (19 vs. 23 g, = 0.015), monounsaturated (41 vs. 47 g, = 0.018), and polyunsaturated fat (8.5 vs. 10 g, = 0.023), trans fatty acids (0.5 vs. 2.3 g, = 0.035), and cholesterol (132 vs. 176 g, = 0.011). In terms of MetS features, non-fasters had more frequently elevated fasting blood glucose (11.8 vs. 24.2%, = 0.039) and elevated blood pressure (13.2 vs. 36.4%, = 0.041) compared with fasters. MetS was more common in non-fasters versus fasters with a marginal level of significance (30.3 vs. 23.5%, = 0.052). Postmenopausal women who follow the Christian Orthodox fasting regime had lower fat intake, and no other difference in nutrient intake, compared with non-fasters. The latter were more likely to have MetS and some of its components. Overall, periodic abstinence from meat, dairy products, and eggs might play a protective role in postmenopausal women with regard to MetS.

摘要

宗教斋戒是指禁食某些特定的食物，是全世界许多宗教的一部分，近年来引起了研究界的关注。本研究旨在调查周期性的东正教斋戒是否能减轻绝经后妇女的身体成分、饮食摄入和代谢综合征（MetS）的变化。134 名年龄 57.3±6.7 岁的绝经后妇女参与了这项研究。其中 68 名绝经后妇女从儿童时期就开始遵循东正教斋戒，而 66 名绝经后妇女则不斋戒。数据收集包括人体测量学、生化、临床和饮食信息。按照东正教教堂建议进行斋戒的绝经后妇女的平均去脂体重（45 与 44kg， = 0.002）、臀围（104 与 99cm， = 0.001）和舒张压（79 与 82mmHg， = 0.024）显著更高。在人体测量数据方面没有发现其他差异。斋戒者还摄入了显著更少的脂肪（78 与 91g， = 0.006）、饱和脂肪（19 与 23g， = 0.015）、单不饱和脂肪（41 与 47g， = 0.018）、多不饱和脂肪（8.5 与 10g， = 0.023）、反式脂肪酸（0.5 与 2.3g， = 0.035）和胆固醇（132 与 176g， = 0.011）。在 MetS 特征方面，非斋戒者空腹血糖升高（11.8%与 24.2%， = 0.039）和血压升高（13.2%与 36.4%， = 0.041）的频率更高。非斋戒者 MetS 的发生率高于斋戒者（30.3%与 23.5%， = 0.052），但差异仅具有边缘统计学意义。与非斋戒者相比，遵循东正教斋戒的绝经后妇女的脂肪摄入量较低，其他营养素的摄入量没有差异。后者更有可能患有 MetS 及其某些成分。总的来说，周期性禁食肉类、奶制品和蛋类可能对绝经后妇女的 MetS 有保护作用。