宗教斋戒对 >50 岁人群代谢综合征是否具有保护作用？

Does Religious Fasting Have a Protective Role against Metabolic Syndrome in Individuals Aged >50 Years?

机构信息

Department of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece.

Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2023 Jul 20;15(14):3215. doi: 10.3390/nu15143215.

DOI:10.3390/nu15143215

PMID:37513633

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10385780/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The Christian Orthodox Church (COC) fasting is a periodic vegetarian-type diet lasting 180-200 days annually in which seafood and snails are allowed on all fasting days. Our aim was to investigate the effects of COC fasting on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults >50 years.

METHODS

One hundred seventy-six individuals participated in the study (mean age 59.7 ± 6.0 years). Eighty-nine had been following the COC fasting regime since their childhood and eighty-seven were non-fasters. Anthropometric measurements, blood samples, and nutrient intake data were collected at a scheduled appointment, during a non-fasting period.

RESULTS

Fasters had significantly higher hip circumference (102 ± 8.5 vs. 98.8 ± 7.5 cm, = 0.009), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (136 ± 73 vs. 115 ± 51 mg/dL, = 0.033), and folic acid levels (6.0 ± 4.0 vs. 3.0 ± 1.2 ng/mL, = 0.018), as well as lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (131 ± 13 vs. 136 ± 14 mmHg, = 0.045), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (80 ± 8 vs. 83 ± 7 mmHg, = 0.007), glucose (87 ± 16 vs. 93 ± 25 mg/dL, = 0.039), and triglycerides (143 ± 94 vs. 175 ± 84 mg/dL, = 0.040). Fasters had significantly less intake of calories (1493.65 ± 363.74 vs. 1614.65 ± 426.28 kcal, = 0.044) and fat (81.17 ± 25.47 vs. 90.74 ± 24.75 g, = 0.012), whereas they also consumed significantly less vitamin A-retinol, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, vitamin E, folic acid, pantothenic acid, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and significantly more vitamin C ( < 0.005 for all comparisons). BP was significantly higher in non-fasters (44.8 vs. 22.5%, = 0.002), whereas MetS was more frequently present in non-fasters vs. fasters, with a marginal level of significance (35.6 vs. 22.5%, = 0.055).

CONCLUSIONS

COC fasting may affect beneficially MetS prevalence in individuals >50 years, although future research is needed before reaching definite conclusions.

摘要

目的

东正教斋戒是一种周期性的素食饮食方式，每年持续 180-200 天，所有斋戒日均允许食用海鲜和蜗牛。我们的目的是研究东正教斋戒对 50 岁以上成年人代谢综合征（MetS）的影响。

方法

176 名参与者参与了这项研究（平均年龄 59.7 ± 6.0 岁）。89 人从小就遵循东正教斋戒制度，87 人不斋戒。在非禁食期的预约就诊时，收集了人体测量学测量值、血液样本和营养素摄入量数据。

结果

斋戒者的臀围（102 ± 8.5 与 98.8 ± 7.5cm， = 0.009）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇（136 ± 73 与 115 ± 51mg/dL， = 0.033）和叶酸水平（6.0 ± 4.0 与 3.0 ± 1.2ng/mL， = 0.018）明显更高，收缩压（SBP）（131 ± 13 与 136 ± 14mmHg， = 0.045）、舒张压（DBP）（80 ± 8 与 83 ± 7mmHg， = 0.007）、血糖（87 ± 16 与 93 ± 25mg/dL， = 0.039）和甘油三酯（143 ± 94 与 175 ± 84mg/dL， = 0.040）明显更低。斋戒者的卡路里摄入量（1493.65 ± 363.74 与 1614.65 ± 426.28kcal， = 0.044）和脂肪摄入量（81.17 ± 25.47 与 90.74 ± 24.75g， = 0.012）明显较少，而他们的维生素 A-视黄醇、维生素 B2、维生素 B12、维生素 E、叶酸、泛酸、钙、磷、锌的摄入量明显较少，维生素 C 的摄入量明显较多（所有比较的 < 0.005）。非斋戒者的血压（BP）明显较高（44.8 与 22.5%， = 0.002），而非斋戒者中 MetS 的发生率明显高于斋戒者，但差异无统计学意义（35.6 与 22.5%， = 0.055）。