Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 May 31;15(11):2581. doi: 10.3390/nu15112581.
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a condition that results from a reduction in the length of the intestine or its functional capacity. SBS patients can have significant side effects and complications, the etiology of which remains ill-defined. Thus, facilitating intestinal adaptation in SBS remains a major research focus. Emerging data supports the role of the gut microbiome in modulating disease progression. There has been ongoing debate on defining a "healthy" gut microbiome, which has led to many studies analyzing the bacterial composition and shifts that occur in gastrointestinal disease states such as SBS and the resulting systemic effects. In SBS, it has also been found that microbial shifts are highly variable and dependent on many factors, including the anatomical location of bowel resection, length, and structure of the remnant bowel, as well as associated small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Recent data also notes a bidirectional communication that occurs between enteric and central nervous systems called the gut-brain axis (GBA), which is regulated by the gut microbes. Ultimately, the role of the microbiome in disease states such as SBS have many clinical implications and warrant further investigation. The focus of this review is to characterize the role of the gut microbiota in short bowel syndrome and its impact on the GBA, as well as the therapeutic potential of altering the microbiome.
短肠综合征（SBS）是一种由于肠的长度或其功能能力减少而导致的病症。SBS 患者会有明显的副作用和并发症，其病因仍不明确。因此，促进 SBS 患者的肠道适应仍然是一个主要的研究重点。新出现的数据支持肠道微生物组在调节疾病进展中的作用。人们一直在争论如何定义“健康”的肠道微生物组，这导致了许多研究分析了在胃肠道疾病状态（如 SBS）中发生的细菌组成和变化，以及由此产生的全身影响。在 SBS 中，也发现微生物的变化是高度可变的，并且取决于许多因素，包括肠切除术的解剖位置、剩余肠的长度和结构，以及相关的小肠细菌过度生长（SIBO）。最近的数据还指出，一种称为肠道-大脑轴（GBA）的肠和中枢神经系统之间发生的双向交流，它受肠道微生物的调节。最终，微生物组在 SBS 等疾病状态中的作用有许多临床意义，值得进一步研究。本综述的重点是描述肠道微生物群在短肠综合征中的作用及其对 GBA 的影响，以及改变微生物组的治疗潜力。
