Department of Ophthalmology, Inner Mongolia Chaoju Eye Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland).
Department of Cataract Surgery, Baotou Chaoju Eye Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland).
Med Sci Monit. 2023 Jun 11;29:e939277. doi: 10.12659/MSM.939277.
BACKGROUND Retinal vein occlusion-induced macular edema (RVO-ME) is a significant global cause of vision loss, with the effectiveness of combined anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs and dexamethasone implantation (DEX I) being a relevant, yet not thoroughly explored, area of interest.The aim of this study was to evaluate the 1-year clinical efficacy of combination therapy using anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs and dexamethasone implantation (DEX I) in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from 34 RVO-ME patients treated at the Inner Mongolia Chaoju Eye Hospital between January 2020 and December 2021. All patients underwent initial DEX I treatment, followed by the introduction of anti-VEGF drugs, and were observed for one year. Retinal structural and vascular changes were measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). The study also evaluated shifts in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) throughout the observation period. RESULTS Following the combined therapy, patients showed significant improvements in BCVA, intraocular pressure (IOP), central retinal thickness (CRT), and retinal vessel density (VD) (all P<0.05). Upon stratifying the results by RVO type, patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)-ME displayed more significant BCVA improvement and CRT reduction at various post-treatment intervals compared to those with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)-ME (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The combined use of anti-VEGF drugs and DEX I showed promising one-year efficacy in treating RVO-ME, with greater improvements noted in patients with BRVO-ME compared to those with CRVO-ME. Despite the positive results, close monitoring of IOP elevation, a notable side effect, remains crucial.
视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO）引起的黄斑水肿（RVO-ME）是全球范围内导致视力丧失的重要原因，抗血管内皮生长因子（anti-VEGF）药物联合地塞米松植入（DEX I）的有效性是一个相关但尚未深入探讨的研究领域。本研究旨在评估抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）药物联合地塞米松植入（DEX I）治疗视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO-ME）继发黄斑水肿的 1 年临床疗效。
本回顾性研究分析了 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间在内蒙古朝聚眼科医院接受治疗的 34 例 RVO-ME 患者的数据。所有患者均接受初始 DEX I 治疗，随后引入抗 VEGF 药物，并观察 1 年。采用频域光学相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）和 OCT 血管造影（OCTA）测量视网膜结构和血管变化。该研究还评估了观察期间最佳矫正视力（BCVA）的变化。
联合治疗后，患者的 BCVA、眼内压（IOP）、中心视网膜厚度（CRT）和视网膜血管密度（VD）均有显著改善（均 P<0.05）。按 RVO 类型分层结果显示，与中央视网膜静脉阻塞（CRVO）-ME 相比，分支视网膜静脉阻塞（BRVO）-ME 患者在各种治疗后间隔的 BCVA 改善和 CRT 降低更为显著（均 P<0.05）。
抗 VEGF 药物联合 DEX I 在治疗 RVO-ME 方面具有 1 年的良好疗效，BRVO-ME 患者的改善较 CRVO-ME 患者更为显著。尽管取得了积极的结果，但仍需密切监测眼压升高这一显著的副作用。
