Department of Diabetology, Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India.
Nightingale-Saunders Clinical Trials and Epidemiology Unit, King's College London, London, UK.
Diabet Med. 2023 Oct;40(10):e15165. doi: 10.1111/dme.15165. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
To estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and suboptimally controlled diabetes and the associated risk factors by community screening in India.
In this multi-centre, cross-sectional study, house-to-house screening was conducted in people aged ≥40 years in urban and rural areas across 10 states and one union territory in India between November 2018 and March 2020. Participants underwent anthropometry, clinical and biochemical assessments. Capillary random blood glucose and point-of-care glycated haemoglobin (HbA ) were used to diagnose diabetes. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and suboptimal control (HbA ≥53 mmol/mol [≥7%]) among those with known diabetes was assessed.
Among the 42,146 participants screened (22,150 urban, 19,996 rural), 5689 had known diabetes. The age-standardised prevalence of known diabetes was 13.1% (95% CI 12.8-13.4); 17.2% in urban areas and 9.4% in rural areas. The age-standardised prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 6.0% (95% CI 5.7-6.2); similar in both urban and rural areas with the highest proportions seen in the East (8.0%) and South (7.8%) regions. When we consider all people with diabetes in the population, 22.8% of individuals in urban areas and 36.7% in rural areas had undiagnosed diabetes. Almost 75% of the individuals with known diabetes had suboptimal glycaemic control.
High prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and suboptimally controlled diabetes emphasises the urgent need to identify and optimally treat people with diabetes to reduce the burden of diabetes.
通过在印度进行社区筛查，估计未确诊糖尿病和控制不佳的糖尿病的患病率以及相关的危险因素。
在这项多中心、横断面研究中，2018 年 11 月至 2020 年 3 月，在印度 10 个邦和一个联邦属地的城市和农村地区，对年龄≥40 岁的人群进行了逐户筛查。参与者接受了人体测量、临床和生化评估。毛细血管随机血糖和即时糖化血红蛋白（HbA ）用于诊断糖尿病。评估了已知糖尿病患者中未确诊糖尿病和控制不佳（HbA ≥53mmol/mol [≥7%]）的患病率。
在筛查的 42146 名参与者中（22150 名城市居民，19996 名农村居民），有 5689 人患有已知糖尿病。已知糖尿病的年龄标准化患病率为 13.1%（95%可信区间 12.8-13.4）；城市地区为 17.2%，农村地区为 9.4%。未确诊糖尿病的年龄标准化患病率为 6.0%（95%可信区间 5.7-6.2）；城市和农村地区相似，东部（8.0%）和南部（7.8%）地区比例最高。当我们考虑人群中所有患有糖尿病的人时，城市地区有 22.8%的人和农村地区有 36.7%的人患有未确诊的糖尿病。几乎 75%的已知糖尿病患者血糖控制不佳。
未确诊糖尿病和控制不佳的糖尿病患病率高，强调迫切需要发现并优化治疗糖尿病患者，以减轻糖尿病的负担。
