Department of Economics and Finance, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Columbia n. 2, 00133, Roma, Italy.
CEIS Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Jun 12;23(1):619. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09576-4.
To evaluate outpatient healthcare expenditure associated with different levels of BMI and glucose metabolism alterations.
The study is based on a representative national sample of adults, with data obtained from electronic clinical records of 900 Italian general practitioners. Data relative to the year 2018 were analyzed. The study population was classified according to BMI (normal weight, overweight, and obesity classes 1, 2, and 3) and glucose metabolism status (normoglycemia - NGT; impaired fasting glucose - IFG; diabetes mellitus - DM). Outpatient health expenditures include diagnostic tests, specialist visits, and drugs.
Data relative to 991,917 adults were analyzed. Annual per capita expenditure rose from 252.2 Euro among individuals with normal weight to 752.9 Euro among those with class 3 obesity. The presence of obesity determined an excess cost, particularly among younger individuals. Within each BMI class, the presence of IFG or DM2 identified subgroups of individuals with substantially higher healthcare expenditures.
Outpatient healthcare costs markedly increased with increasing BMI in all age categories, particularly among individuals below 65. Addressing the double burden of excess weight and hyperglycemia represents a significant challenge and a healthcare priority.
评估与不同 BMI 和葡萄糖代谢改变水平相关的门诊医疗支出。
本研究基于成年人的代表性全国样本，数据来自 900 名意大利全科医生的电子临床记录。分析了 2018 年的数据。根据 BMI（正常体重、超重和肥胖 1、2 和 3 类）和葡萄糖代谢状态（正常血糖 - NGT；空腹血糖受损 - IFG；糖尿病 - DM）对研究人群进行分类。门诊卫生支出包括诊断性检查、专科就诊和药物。
分析了 991917 名成年人的数据。人均年支出从正常体重者的 252.2 欧元增加到肥胖 3 类者的 752.9 欧元。肥胖的存在会导致额外的成本，尤其是在年轻人群中。在每个 BMI 类别中，IFG 或 DM2 的存在确定了具有显著更高医疗支出的亚组个体。
在所有年龄段，BMI 增加与门诊医疗支出显著增加相关，尤其是在 65 岁以下的人群中。解决超重和高血糖的双重负担是一项重大挑战，也是医疗保健的重点。
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