Maitland Daniel W M, Neilson Elizabeth C
Morehead State University.
Curr Psychol. 2023 Feb;42(5):4243-4253. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-01766-9. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
Behavioral theories of depression posit that depression results from the environment not adequately reinforcing non-depressive behaviors. One commonly used treatment based on the behavioral model of depression is Behavioral Activation. While many implementations of Behavioral Activation emphasize social interactions, there is limited empirical investigation into the contribution of specific facets of social engagement in the behavioral model of depression. Fear of intimacy, an indicator of willingness to engage in specific types of social interactions, may play an important role in understanding at a functional level what aspects of social engagement are important in behavioral activation. The current study ( = 353) proposes a model, anchored in functional outcomes of behavioral interactions, to explain the development and utilization of social support as environmental enrichment. The proposed model accounted for 55% of the variance of depressive symptoms. Findings were consistent with a model where fear of intimacy was directly and indirectly associated with depression via activation, social support, and environmental enrichment. Notably, social support was not directly associated with depression. Findings suggest the importance of incorporating vulnerable self-disclosure in behavioral activation treatments to foster environmental enrichment.
抑郁症的行为理论认为，抑郁症是由于环境未能充分强化非抑郁行为所致。基于抑郁症行为模型的一种常用治疗方法是行为激活疗法。虽然行为激活疗法的许多实施方式都强调社交互动，但对于社交参与的特定方面在抑郁症行为模型中的作用，实证研究却很有限。对亲密关系的恐惧，作为参与特定类型社交互动意愿的一个指标，可能在从功能层面理解社交参与的哪些方面在行为激活中很重要时发挥重要作用。当前这项研究（N = 353）提出了一个基于行为互动功能结果的模型，以解释作为环境丰富化的社会支持的发展和利用情况。所提出的模型解释了抑郁症状变异的55%。研究结果与这样一个模型一致，即对亲密关系的恐惧通过激活、社会支持和环境丰富化与抑郁症直接和间接相关。值得注意的是，社会支持与抑郁症没有直接关联。研究结果表明，在行为激活治疗中纳入脆弱的自我表露以促进环境丰富化很重要。
