社会支持与抑郁预防：西方国家现有研究结果的系统综述。
Social support and protection from depression: systematic review of current findings in Western countries.
机构信息
Geneviève Gariépy, PhD, Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Helena Honkaniemi, BSc, International Research Infrastructure on Social Inequalities in Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Amélie Quesnel-Vallée, MSc, PhD, International Research Infrastructure on Social Inequalities in Health, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, and Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Geneviève Gariépy, PhD, Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Helena Honkaniemi, BSc, International Research Infrastructure on Social Inequalities in Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Amélie Quesnel-Vallée, MSc, PhD, International Research Infrastructure on Social Inequalities in Health, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, and Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
出版信息
Br J Psychiatry. 2016 Oct;209(4):284-293. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.115.169094. Epub 2016 Jul 21.
BACKGROUND
Numerous studies report an association between social support and protection from depression, but no systematic review or meta-analysis exists on this topic.
AIMS
To review systematically the characteristics of social support (types and source) associated with protection from depression across life periods (childhood and adolescence; adulthood; older age) and by study design (cross-sectional v cohort studies).
METHOD
A systematic literature search conducted in February 2015 yielded 100 eligible studies. Study quality was assessed using a critical appraisal checklist, followed by meta-analyses.
RESULTS
Sources of support varied across life periods, with parental support being most important among children and adolescents, whereas adults and older adults relied more on spouses, followed by family and then friends. Significant heterogeneity in social support measurement was noted. Effects were weaker in both magnitude and significance in cohort studies.
CONCLUSIONS
Knowledge gaps remain due to social support measurement heterogeneity and to evidence of reverse causality bias.
背景
许多研究报告指出社会支持与抑郁保护之间存在关联，但针对这一主题尚无系统综述或荟萃分析。
目的
系统回顾社会支持（类型和来源）在各个生命阶段（儿童和青少年期；成年期；老年期）以及研究设计（横断面研究与队列研究）方面与抑郁保护之间的关联特点。
方法
2015 年 2 月进行了系统文献检索，共纳入 100 项符合条件的研究。使用批判性评价清单评估研究质量，然后进行荟萃分析。
结果
支持的来源在各个生命阶段有所不同，在儿童和青少年时期，父母的支持最重要，而成年人和老年人则更多地依赖配偶，其次是家庭，然后是朋友。社会支持测量方面存在显著的异质性。队列研究中的效应在幅度和显著性上均较弱。
结论
由于社会支持测量的异质性以及存在反向因果关系偏倚的证据，知识空白仍然存在。
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