Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Youth & Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Adolesc. 2023 Oct;95(7):1321-1332. doi: 10.1002/jad.12204. Epub 2023 Jun 15.
Before coronavirus disease (covid-19), adolescents from a lower socioeconomic status (SES) background tend to have less positive future orientations, receive less parental support, and have a weaker sense of control than adolescents from a higher SES background. The covid-19 pandemic has potentially increased the socioeconomic gaps in positive future orientations, parental support, and sense of control among adolescents who are currently in vocational education. As societies are aiming to return back to precovid norms, certain groups of adolescents might require more attention for ensuring a stable future than others.
Two-wave questionnaire data of 689 Dutch adolescents (M = 17.8; 56% female) from the Youth Got Talent project was analyzed. Latent Change Score models are a relatively novel approach that allows two-wave data to estimate associations between precovid predictor variables and changes in outcome variables from before to during covid-19 (e.g., SES, positive future orientations, parental support, and sense of control). Analyses were preregistered.
The precovid socioeconomic differences in adolescent's positive future orientations and sense of control remained stable during covid-19, whereas the socioeconomic difference in parental support decreased during covid-19. A decline in parental support, an increase in sense of control, and more covid-19 hardships were associated with an increase in future orientations.
The covid-19 situation has not substantially increased socioeconomic differences in positive future orientations and sense of control, but did decrease socioeconomic differences in parental support among adolescents. Short-term policies should aim to facilitate parental support and positive future orientations to all adolescents who experienced a decline, while also long-term focusing on the more consistent socioeconomic difference in sense of control among adolescents.
在冠状病毒病（covid-19）之前，来自较低社会经济地位（SES）背景的青少年往往比来自较高 SES 背景的青少年对未来的积极态度较少、得到的父母支持较少、控制感较弱。covid-19 大流行可能增加了职业教育中青少年在积极未来取向、父母支持和控制感方面的社会经济差距。随着社会旨在恢复到新冠疫情前的规范，某些群体的青少年可能需要比其他群体更多的关注，以确保未来稳定。
分析了来自青年人才项目的 689 名荷兰青少年（M = 17.8；56%为女性）的两波问卷调查数据。潜在变化得分模型是一种相对新颖的方法，允许两波数据估计新冠疫情前预测变量与从新冠疫情前到期间的结果变量变化之间的关联（例如，SES、积极的未来取向、父母支持和控制感）。分析是预先注册的。
在新冠疫情期间，青少年积极未来取向和控制感的新冠疫情前社会经济差异保持稳定，而父母支持的社会经济差异在新冠疫情期间下降。父母支持下降、控制感增强和更多的新冠疫情困难与未来取向的增加有关。
新冠疫情情况并未大幅增加积极未来取向和控制感方面的社会经济差异，但确实减少了青少年父母支持方面的社会经济差异。短期政策应旨在为经历下降的所有青少年提供父母支持和积极的未来取向，同时长期关注青少年中更一致的社会经济控制感差异。
