Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center (PennLINC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, 87051, USA.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2023 Aug;62:101265. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101265. Epub 2023 Jun 12.
Delay discounting is a measure of impulsive choice relevant in adolescence as it predicts many real-life outcomes, including obesity and academic achievement. However, resting-state functional networks underlying individual differences in delay discounting during youth remain incompletely described. Here we investigate the association between multivariate patterns of functional connectivity and individual differences in impulsive choice in a large sample of children, adolescents, and adults. A total of 293 participants (9-23 years) completed a delay discounting task and underwent 3T resting-state fMRI. A connectome-wide analysis using multivariate distance-based matrix regression was used to examine whole-brain relationships between delay discounting and functional connectivity. These analyses revealed that individual differences in delay discounting were associated with patterns of connectivity emanating from the left dorsal prefrontal cortex, a default mode network hub. Greater delay discounting was associated with greater functional connectivity between the dorsal prefrontal cortex and other default mode network regions, but reduced connectivity with regions in the dorsal and ventral attention networks. These results suggest delay discounting in children, adolescents, and adults is associated with individual differences in relationships both within the default mode network and between the default mode and networks involved in attentional and cognitive control.
延迟折扣是一种与青少年时期冲动选择相关的衡量标准，因为它可以预测许多现实生活中的结果，包括肥胖和学业成绩。然而，在青少年时期，个体在延迟折扣方面的差异所对应的静息态功能网络仍未被充分描述。在这里，我们在一个大型的儿童、青少年和成年人样本中研究了功能连接的多变量模式与冲动选择个体差异之间的关联。共有 293 名参与者（9-23 岁）完成了延迟折扣任务，并接受了 3T 静息态 fMRI 检查。我们使用基于多元距离的矩阵回归的连接组学全脑分析来检查延迟折扣与功能连接之间的全脑关系。这些分析表明，延迟折扣的个体差异与来自左侧背外侧前额叶皮层的连接模式有关，而背外侧前额叶皮层是默认模式网络的一个枢纽。更大的延迟折扣与背外侧前额叶皮层和默认模式网络其他区域之间的功能连接增加有关，但与背侧和腹侧注意力网络区域的连接减少有关。这些结果表明，儿童、青少年和成年人的延迟折扣与默认模式网络内部以及默认模式网络与注意力和认知控制网络之间的关系的个体差异有关。
