Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.
Biotechnol Adv. 2023 Oct;67:108199. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108199. Epub 2023 Jun 15.
Extracellular polymeric substances are mainly synthesized via a variety of biosynthetic pathways in bacteria. Bacilli-sourced extracellular polymeric substances, such as exopolysaccharides (EPS) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), can serve as active ingredients and hydrogels, and have other important industrial applications. However, the functional diversity and widespread applications of these extracellular polymeric substances, are hampered by their low yields and high costs. Biosynthesis of extracellular polymeric substances is very complex in Bacillus, and there is no detailed elucidation of the reactions and regulations among various metabolic pathways. Therefore, a better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms is required to broaden the functions and increase the yield of extracellular polymeric substances. This review systematically summarizes the biosynthesis and metabolic mechanisms of extracellular polymeric substances in Bacillus, providing an in-depth understanding of the relationships between EPS and γ-PGA synthesis. This review provides a better clarification of Bacillus metabolic mechanisms during extracellular polymeric substance secretion and thus benefits their application and commercialization.
胞外聚合物主要通过细菌中的多种生物合成途径合成。芽孢杆菌来源的胞外聚合物，如胞外多糖（EPS）和聚γ-谷氨酸（γ-PGA），可用作活性成分和水凝胶，具有其他重要的工业应用。然而，这些胞外聚合物的功能多样性和广泛应用受到其低产量和高成本的限制。芽孢杆菌中胞外聚合物的生物合成非常复杂，各种代谢途径之间的反应和调节尚不清楚。因此，需要更好地了解代谢机制，以拓宽胞外聚合物的功能并提高其产量。本综述系统总结了芽孢杆菌胞外聚合物的生物合成和代谢机制，深入了解了 EPS 和 γ-PGA 合成之间的关系。这为更好地阐明芽孢杆菌在胞外聚合物分泌过程中的代谢机制提供了帮助，从而有利于其应用和商业化。
