颈前路手术后吞咽困难患者的症状和应对方法：一项定性研究。
Symptoms and coping of patients with dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery: a qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of Urology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
出版信息
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 Jun 17;24(1):498. doi: 10.1186/s12891-023-06621-5.
AIM
To explore the subjective symptoms, psychological characteristics and coping strategies of patients with dysphagia after anterior cervical spine surgery, so as to provide the basis for formulating strategies to help patients with dysphagia solve clinical practice problems and to improve their quality of life after surgery.
METHODS
Using the phenomenological research method and the purpose sampling method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 participants with dysphagia at 3-time points after anterior cervical spine surgery (7 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months).
RESULTS
A total of 22 (10 females and 12 males) patients, with years old ranging between 33 and 78 years were interviewed. When analysing the data, the following 3 categories were extracted from the participant interviews: "Subjective symptoms, Coping style and impact on social life". The 3 categories consist of 10 sub-categories.
CONCLUSIONS
The results showed that swallowing-related symptoms may occur after anterior cervical spine surgery. Many patients had developed compensatory strategies to manage or reduce the burden of these symptoms, but lacked professional guidance from health care professionals. Moreover, dysphagia after neck surgery has its unique characteristics, involving the interaction of physical, emotional and social factors, which requires early screening.Healthcare professionals should provide better psychological support in the early or late postoperative period to ensure the improvement of health outcomes and patients' quality of life.
目的
探讨颈椎前路手术后吞咽困难患者的主观症状、心理特征及应对策略，为制定策略帮助吞咽困难患者解决临床实践问题、提高术后生活质量提供依据。
方法
采用现象学研究方法和目的抽样法，对 22 例颈椎前路手术后 3 个时间点（术后 7d、6 周、6 个月）的吞咽困难患者进行半结构式访谈。
结果
共访谈 22 例（女 10 例，男 12 例）患者，年龄 33～78 岁。对资料进行分析后，从患者访谈中提取出 3 个类别：“主观症状、应对方式和对社会生活的影响”。3 个类别包含 10 个亚类。
结论
结果表明颈椎前路手术后可能会出现与吞咽相关的症状。许多患者已经制定了应对策略来管理或减轻这些症状的负担，但缺乏来自医护人员的专业指导。此外，颈部手术后的吞咽困难具有其独特的特点，涉及身体、情绪和社会因素的相互作用，需要早期筛查。医护人员应在术后早期或晚期提供更好的心理支持，以确保改善健康结局和患者的生活质量。
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