Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar 470, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Acta Trop. 2023 Sep;245:106971. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106971. Epub 2023 Jun 16.
Culex quinquefasciatus is a cosmopolitan species distributed throughout tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The species is of great epidemiological importance as it is responsible for vectoring the causative agent of lymphatic filariasis and several arboviruses, including West Nile virus. Wing geometric morphometrics has been widely used to assess phenotypic variations in mosquito species. Here, we hypothesize that Cx. quinquefasciatus populations in urban parks in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, have been subjected to anthropogenic selective pressures that are responsible for driving their ecology and behavior. Mosquitoes were collected by CDC traps in five municipal parks in the city of São Paulo. Eighteen anatomical landmark coordinates on each female right wing were digitized. Canonical variate analysis, wireframe graphs, cross-validated reclassification tests and the neighbor-joining method were used to assess phenotypical dissimilarity in wing shape between populations. Centroid size was calculated to assess differences in wing size between populations, which can result from different environmental conditions during immature mosquito development. Moderately heterogeneous wing shape and wing size patterns were found in the populations analyzed, indicating that selective pressures in the urban environment are affecting the wing patterns of Cx. quinquefasciatus populations in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
致乏库蚊是一种分布于世界热带和亚热带地区的世界性物种。该物种具有重要的流行病学意义，因为它是传播淋巴丝虫病病原体和几种虫媒病毒（包括西尼罗河病毒）的媒介。翅几何形态计量学已广泛用于评估蚊种的表型变异。在这里，我们假设巴西圣保罗市城市公园中的致乏库蚊种群受到人为选择压力的影响，这些压力导致了它们的生态和行为。蚊子通过 CDC 陷阱在圣保罗市的五个城市公园中收集。对每只雌性右翅的 18 个解剖标志坐标进行数字化。使用典范变量分析、线框图、交叉验证再分类测试和邻接法评估种群之间翅膀形状的表型差异。计算质心大小以评估种群间翅膀大小的差异，这可能是由于幼蚊发育过程中不同的环境条件造成的。在所分析的种群中发现了中等程度的异质翅形状和翅大小模式，表明城市环境中的选择压力正在影响巴西圣保罗市致乏库蚊种群的翅模式。
