Oliveira-Christe Rafael, Wilke André Barretto Bruno, Marrelli Mauro Toledo
Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 470, 05403-000 Butanta, SP, Brazil.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Insects. 2020 Dec 3;11(12):862. doi: 10.3390/insects11120862.
and are vectors of several arboviruses, including the dengue, chikungunya, and Rocio virus infection. While is a highly invasive species native to Asia and has been dispersed by humans to most parts of the world, is native to Brazil and is widely distributed in the southeast of the country. Both species are highly anthropophilic and are often abundant in places with high human population densities. Because of the great epidemiological importance of these two mosquitoes and the paucity of knowledge on how they have adapted to different urban built environments, we investigated the microgeographic population structure of these vector species in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, using wing geometric morphometrics. Females of and were collected in seven urban parks in the city. The right wings of the specimens were removed and digitized, and eighteen landmarks based on vein intersections in the wing venation patterns were used to assess cross-sectional variation in wing shape and size. The analyses revealed distinct results for and populations. While the former had less wing shape variation, the latter had more heterogeneity, indicating a higher degree of intraspecific variation. Our results indicate that microgeographic selective pressures exerted by different urban built environments have a distinct effect on wing shape patterns in the populations of these two mosquito species studied here.
[蚊种1]和[蚊种2]是多种虫媒病毒的传播媒介，包括登革热、基孔肯雅热和罗西奥病毒感染。[蚊种1]是原产于亚洲的高度入侵性物种，已被人类传播到世界大部分地区，而[蚊种2]原产于巴西，广泛分布于该国东南部。这两个物种都高度嗜人血，且在人口密度高的地方往往数量众多。由于这两种蚊子在流行病学上具有重要意义，且对于它们如何适应不同城市建筑环境的了解甚少，我们利用翅几何形态测量学研究了巴西圣保罗市这些媒介物种的微观地理种群结构。在该市的七个城市公园中采集了[蚊种1]和[蚊种2]的雌蚊。将标本的右翅取下并数字化，基于翅脉模式中的静脉交叉点使用18个地标来评估翅形和大小的横截面变化。分析揭示了[蚊种1]和[蚊种2]种群的不同结果。前者的翅形变化较小，而后者的异质性更大，表明种内变异程度更高。我们的结果表明，不同城市建筑环境施加的微观地理选择压力对这里研究的这两种蚊子种群的翅形模式有不同的影响。
