Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
J Periodontal Res. 2023 Oct;58(5):853-863. doi: 10.1111/jre.13152. Epub 2023 Jun 18.
Periodontitis is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tooth-supporting tissue and has become the leading cause of adult tooth loss. The most central pathological features of periodontitis are tissue damage and inflammatory reaction. As the energy metabolism center of eukaryotic cells, mitochondrion plays a notable role in various processes, such as cell function and inflammatory response. When the intracellular homeostasis of mitochondrion is disrupted, it can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and inability to generate adequate energy to maintain basic cellular biochemical reactions. Recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the initiation and development of periodontitis. The excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, imbalance of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial DNA damage can all affect the development and progression of periodontitis. Thus, targeted mitochondrial therapy is potentially promising in periodontitis treatment. In this review, we summarize the above mitochondrial mechanism in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and discuss some potential approaches that can exert therapeutic effects on periodontitis by modulating mitochondrial activity. The understanding and summary of mitochondrial dysfunction in periodontitis might provide new research directions for pathological intervention or treatment of periodontitis.
牙周炎是一种累及牙支持组织的炎症破坏性疾病，已成为成年人牙齿缺失的主要原因。牙周炎最核心的病理学特征是组织破坏和炎症反应。线粒体作为真核细胞的能量代谢中心，在细胞功能和炎症反应等多种过程中发挥着显著作用。当细胞内线粒体的内环境平衡被打破时，会导致线粒体功能障碍，无法产生足够的能量来维持基本的细胞生化反应。最近的研究表明，线粒体功能障碍与牙周炎的发生和发展密切相关。线粒体活性氧的过度产生、线粒体生物发生和动力学的失衡、线粒体自噬和线粒体 DNA 损伤都会影响牙周炎的发展和进程。因此，针对线粒体的治疗方法可能在牙周炎的治疗中具有广阔的应用前景。本综述总结了上述与牙周炎发病机制相关的线粒体机制，并讨论了一些通过调节线粒体活性对牙周炎发挥治疗作用的潜在方法。对牙周炎中线粒体功能障碍的认识和总结可能为牙周炎的病理干预或治疗提供新的研究方向。
