Zhang Qinglin, Yuan Yuntong, Zhang Meiling, Qiao Baohua, Cui Yiyuan, Wang Ying, Feng Li
Department of Oncology, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Front Oncol. 2023 Jun 2;13:1166580. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1166580. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND: Pain is one of the most common and troublesome symptoms of cancer. Although potential positive effects of acupuncture-point stimulation (APS) on cancer pain have been observed, knowledge regarding the selection of the optimal APS remains unclear because of a lack of evidence from head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to carry out a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of different APS combined with opioids in treating moderate to severe cancer pain and rank these methods for practical consideration. METHODS: A comprehensive search of eight electronic databases was conducted to obtain RCTs involving different APS combined with opioids for moderate to severe cancer pain. Data were screened and extracted independently using predesigned forms. The quality of RCTs was appraised with the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias tool. The primary outcome was the total pain relief rate. Secondary outcomes were the total incidence of adverse reactions, the incidence of nausea and vomiting, and the incidence of constipation. We applied a frequentist, fixed-effect network meta-analysis model to pool effect sizes across trials using rate ratios (RR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Network meta-analysis was performed using Stata/SE 16.0. RESULTS: We included 48 RCTs, which consisted of 4,026 patients, and investigated nine interventions. A network meta-analysis showed that a combination of APS and opioids was superior in relieving moderate to severe cancer pain and reducing the incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation compared to opioids alone. The ranking of total pain relief rates was as follows: fire needle (surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) = 91.1%), body acupuncture (SUCRA = 85.0%), point embedding (SUCRA = 67.7%), auricular acupuncture (SUCRA = 53.8%), moxibustion (SUCRA = 41.9%), transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) (SUCRA = 39.0%), electroacupuncture (SUCRA = 37.4%), and wrist-ankle acupuncture (SUCRA = 34.1%). The ranking of total incidence of adverse reactions was as follows: auricular acupuncture (SUCRA = 23.3%), electroacupuncture (SUCRA = 25.1%), fire needle (SUCRA = 27.2%), point embedding (SUCRA = 42.6%), moxibustion (SUCRA = 48.2%), body acupuncture (SUCRA = 49.8%), wrist-ankle acupuncture (SUCRA = 57.8%), TEAS (SUCRA = 76.3%), and opioids alone (SUCRA = 99.7%). CONCLUSIONS: APS seemed to be effective in relieving cancer pain and reducing opioid-related adverse reactions. Fire needle combined with opioids may be a promising intervention to reduce moderate to severe cancer pain as well as reduce opioid-related adverse reactions. However, the evidence was not conclusive. More high-quality trials investigating the stability of evidence levels of different interventions on cancer pain must be conducted. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced, identifier CRD42022362054.
背景:疼痛是癌症最常见且棘手的症状之一。尽管已观察到穴位刺激(APS)对癌症疼痛可能有积极作用,但由于缺乏来自直接比较的随机对照试验(RCT)的证据,关于最佳APS选择的知识仍不明确。 目的:本研究旨在进行一项网状Meta分析,比较不同APS联合阿片类药物治疗中度至重度癌症疼痛的疗效和安全性,并对这些方法进行排序以供实际参考。 方法:全面检索八个电子数据库,以获取涉及不同APS联合阿片类药物治疗中度至重度癌症疼痛的RCT。使用预先设计的表格独立筛选和提取数据。采用Cochrane协作偏倚风险工具评估RCT的质量。主要结局是总疼痛缓解率。次要结局是不良反应的总发生率、恶心呕吐的发生率和便秘的发生率。我们应用频率学派固定效应网状Meta分析模型,使用率比(RR)及其95%置信区间(CI)汇总各试验的效应量。使用Stata/SE 16.0进行网状Meta分析。 结果:我们纳入了48项RCT,共4026例患者,研究了9种干预措施。网状Meta分析表明,与单独使用阿片类药物相比,APS联合阿片类药物在缓解中度至重度癌症疼痛以及降低恶心、呕吐和便秘等不良反应的发生率方面更具优势。总疼痛缓解率的排序如下:火针(累积排序曲线下面积(SUCRA)=91.1%)、体针(SUCRA = 85.0%)、穴位埋线(SUCRA = 67.7%)、耳针(SUCRA = 53.8%)、艾灸(SUCRA = 41.9%)、经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS)(SUCRA = 39.0%)、电针(SUCRA = 37.4%)和腕踝针(SUCRA = 34.1%)。不良反应总发生率的排序如下:耳针(SUCRA = 23.3%)、电针(SUCRA = 25.1%)、火针(SUCRA = 27.2%)、穴位埋线(SUCRA = 42.6%)、艾灸(SUCRA = 48.2%)、体针(SUCRA = 49.8%)、腕踝针(SUCRA = 57.8%)、TEAS(SUCRA = 76.3%)和单独使用阿片类药物(SUCRA = 99.7%)。 结论:APS似乎对缓解癌症疼痛和减少阿片类药物相关不良反应有效。火针联合阿片类药物可能是减轻中度至重度癌症疼痛以及减少阿片类药物相关不良反应的一种有前景的干预措施。然而,证据并不确凿。必须开展更多高质量试验,以研究不同干预措施对癌症疼痛证据水平的稳定性。 系统评价注册:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced,标识符CRD42022362054。
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