Christian Doppler Laboratory for a Recycling-based Circular Economy, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/166, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
Christian Doppler Laboratory for a Recycling-based Circular Economy, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/166, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Ingenieurbüro Stefan Skutan e.U., Fritz-Weigl-Gasse 1a, 3423 St. Andrä-Wördern, Austria.
Waste Manag. 2023 Aug 1;168:321-333. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.05.048. Epub 2023 Jun 17.
Enhanced treatment of incineration bottom ashes (IBA) from municipal solid waste incineration can contribute to a circular economy since not only metals can be recovered but also glass for recycling. Moreover, the remaining mineral fraction can be utilized in concrete as manufactured aggregate. To evaluate the effects of an enhanced treatment, three IBAs from fluidized bed combustion (FB-IBAs) and three grate incineration bottom ashes (G-IBAs) were standardly treated in a jig and further processed on a pilot scale, including improved metal recovery and sensor-based glass separation. The removed glass fractions were weighed and their composition was assessed by means of manual sorting. The manufactured aggregate was also sorted manually and its total and leachate contents were determined before and after aging. Results showed general differences between FB-IBAs and G-IBAs. For G-IBAs, higher contents of heavy metals and residual metal pieces were determined, while the share of glass removed was low compared to FB-IBA. The treated mineral fractions from G-IBA contained more mineral agglomerates, whereas FB-IBAs contained more glass. However, the glass-fractions removed from FB-IBAs need further treatment to be accepted in glass recycling. Austrian limit values for utilization in concrete were met by all manufactured aggregates produced from FB-IBA, but only by one from G-IBA. Overall, the enhanced treatment in the study performed well compared to the literature. Nevertheless, further investigations are necessary to improve the recyclability of the recovered glass fractions and to determine the technical suitability of manufactured aggregates produced from IBAs.
增强型处理城市生活垃圾焚烧炉渣（IBA）可以促进循环经济，因为不仅可以回收金属，还可以回收玻璃用于回收利用。此外，剩余的矿物部分可以用作制造骨料的混凝土。为了评估增强处理的效果，对三种流化床燃烧（FB-IBAs）和三种炉排焚烧炉渣（G-IBAs）进行了标准的跳汰处理，并在中试规模上进行了进一步处理，包括改进的金属回收和基于传感器的玻璃分离。去除的玻璃部分被称重，并通过手动分类评估其组成。制造的骨料也通过手动分类，在老化前后测定其总含量和浸出物含量。结果表明 FB-IBAs 和 G-IBAs 之间存在一般差异。对于 G-IBAs，确定了更高含量的重金属和残留金属碎片，而与 FB-IBA 相比，去除的玻璃含量较低。来自 G-IBA 的处理后的矿物部分含有更多的矿物团聚体，而 FB-IBAs 则含有更多的玻璃。然而，从 FB-IBAs 中去除的玻璃部分需要进一步处理才能被玻璃回收所接受。从 FB-IBA 生产的所有制造骨料均符合奥地利用于混凝土的限值要求，但从 G-IBA 生产的仅一种符合要求。总体而言，与文献相比，研究中进行的增强处理效果良好。然而，仍有必要进一步研究以提高回收玻璃部分的可回收性，并确定从 IBA 生产的制造骨料的技术适用性。
