Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Stem Cells. 2023 Sep 15;41(9):837-849. doi: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad046.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are commonly used as a source for cellular therapy owing to their strong immunosuppressive and regenerative effects. However, MSCs undergo extensive apoptosis within a short period after transplantation. During apoptosis, MSCs generate several apoptotic extracellular vesicles (MSCs-ApoEVs). MSCs-ApoEVs are rich in miRNomes, metabolites, and proteomes. They are critical intercellular communication mediators that can exert different regulatory effects on recipient cells. MSCs-ApoEVs have been shown to promote regeneration in the skin, hair, bone, muscle, and vascular system, etc. This review describes the production, release, isolation, and functionality of ApoEVs in detail. Furthermore, we summarize the existing mechanisms of MSCs-ApoEVs used for tissue regeneration and evaluate the possible strategies for their clinical application.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）由于其强大的免疫抑制和再生作用，通常被用作细胞治疗的来源。然而，MSCs 在移植后很短的时间内会发生广泛的细胞凋亡。在细胞凋亡过程中，MSCs 会产生几种凋亡细胞外囊泡（MSCs-ApoEVs）。MSCs-ApoEVs 富含 miRNA 组、代谢物和蛋白质组。它们是重要的细胞间通讯介质，可以对受体细胞发挥不同的调节作用。MSCs-ApoEVs 已被证明可促进皮肤、毛发、骨骼、肌肉和血管系统等的再生。本综述详细描述了 ApoEVs 的产生、释放、分离和功能。此外，我们总结了 MSCs-ApoEVs 用于组织再生的现有机制，并评估了其临床应用的可能策略。
