Investigating Molecular Exciton Polaritons Using Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics.

Coupling molecules to the quantized radiation field inside an optical cavity creates a set of new photon-matter hybrid states called polariton states. We combine electronic structure theory with quantum electrodynamics (QED) to investigate molecular polaritons using simulations. This framework joins unperturbed electronic adiabatic states with the Fock state basis to compute the eigenstates of the QED Hamiltonian. The key feature of this "parametrized QED" approach is that it provides the exact molecule-cavity interactions, limited by only approximations made in the electronic structure. Using time-dependent density functional theory, we demonstrated comparable accuracy with QED coupled cluster benchmark results for predicting potential energy surfaces in the ground and excited states and showed selected applications to light-harvesting and light-emitting materials. We anticipate that this framework will provide a set of general and powerful tools that enable direct simulation of exciton polaritons in molecule-cavity hybrid systems.