Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Aug;56:180-186. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.05.016. Epub 2023 May 30.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major health concern around the world. Dietary factors, including diet quality, play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a tool used as a valid measurement of the individual's diet quality. We aimed at investigating the relationship between diet quality as assessed by HEI-2015 and the risk of MetS and its components in a cross-sectional sample of suburban individuals from PERSIAN Kavar cohort study (PKCS), Fars province, Iran.
2225 individuals meeting the eligibility criteria participated in the study. The relevant data were obtained from the baseline phase of PKCS. MetS was defined according to cut-offs presented by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). HEI-2015 was calculated for the included individuals. Odds ratios were estimated. P-values <0.05 were considered as significant.
The overall prevalence of MetS was 27.3%. Individuals with lower HEI-2015 scores had higher odds for MetS and its components. We observed that those who were categorized as the top HEI-2015 tertile had 42% (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.38-0.90) lower odds of high blood pressure in the overall population. Also, the odds of high serum triacylglycerol was lower (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.57-0.90) in those with the highest HEI-2015 scores.
We found that higher dietary quality measured by HEI will decrease the risk of developing MetS, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia among Iranian adults. However, future interventional studies are required to further elucidate the issue.
代谢综合征（MetS）是全球范围内的一个主要健康关注点。饮食因素，包括饮食质量，在其病理生理学中起着重要作用。健康饮食指数（HEI）是一种用于衡量个体饮食质量的有效工具。我们旨在调查伊朗法尔斯省 PERSIAN Kavar 队列研究（PKCS）中郊区个体的饮食质量通过 HEI-2015 评估与代谢综合征及其成分风险之间的关系。
符合入选标准的 2225 人参与了研究。相关数据来自 PKCS 的基线阶段。代谢综合征根据美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专家组 III（ATP III）提出的标准定义。为纳入的个体计算 HEI-2015。估计比值比。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
代谢综合征的总体患病率为 27.3%。HEI-2015 评分较低的个体患代谢综合征及其各成分的几率更高。我们观察到，在总体人群中，被归类为 HEI-2015 评分最高 tertile 的个体患高血压的几率降低了 42%（比值比：0.58；95%置信区间：0.38-0.90）。此外，血清三酰甘油水平较高的个体（比值比：0.72；95%置信区间：0.57-0.90）患高血清三酰甘油的几率也较低。
我们发现，通过 HEI 测量的更高饮食质量会降低伊朗成年人患代谢综合征、高血压和高三酰甘油血症的风险。然而，需要进一步的干预研究来阐明这个问题。
