Graduate School of Art and Sciences, Epidemiology Program, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 22057, USA.
Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20003, USA.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 9;16(17):3040. doi: 10.3390/nu16173040.
Diet is a modifiable lifestyle factor that could impact the development of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its components. MetS prevalence is high and diet quality is suboptimal among older African American women. MetS has been associated with many individual food groups, however, emerging research suggests that analyzing overall diet quality provides insight into the synergistic effects of food groups on health outcomes. In the current cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between diet quality and MetS, and investigated associations between diet quality and MetS components among older African American women. This study was based on 357 African American women between 45 and 65 years from the NHANES 2011-2018 datasets. This analysis utilized the NCEP ATP III (2001) criteria for women to diagnose MetS. MetS was dichotomized in addition to a MetS z-score being calculated for each participant using a sex- and race-specific equation. Participants' diet quality was measured using the HEI-2015. Linear and logistic regressions were performed to assess the association between HEI-2015 diet quality and metabolic syndrome and its components. 65% of African American women aged 45-65 in the NHANES 2011-2018 had MetS. Study participants had an average HEI-2015 score of 55.4 out of 100. As HEI-2015 quartiles increased, the mean MetS z-score decreased (-value: 0.0011). Age-adjusted models demonstrated statistically significant inverse relationships between HEI-2015 and waist circumference (β: -0.217; 95% CI: -0.372, -0.063), systolic blood pressure (β: -0.215; 95% CI: -0.359, -0.072), blood glucose (β: -0.344; 95% CI: -0.681, -0.0066), and triglycerides (β: -0.652; 95% CI: -1.05, -0.251). Significant associations could not be established between MetS and diet quality, assessed with the HEI-2015, among African American women aged 45-65 enrolled in NHANES 2011-2018. However, statistically significant relationships were observed between increased HEI-2015 scores and lowered risks of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and systolic hypertension. The findings of this study affirm the necessity of public health strategies to improve diet quality among African-American women which could help to reduce their risks of chronic diseases.
饮食是一种可改变的生活方式因素，可能会影响代谢综合征（MetS）及其组成部分的发展。在老年非裔美国女性中，MetS 的患病率很高，饮食质量也不理想。MetS 与许多个体食物群有关，但新出现的研究表明，分析整体饮食质量可以深入了解食物群对健康结果的协同作用。在当前的横断面研究中，我们研究了饮食质量与 MetS 之间的关系，并调查了饮食质量与老年非裔美国女性 MetS 各组成部分之间的关系。本研究基于来自 NHANES 2011-2018 数据集的 357 名 45 至 65 岁的非裔美国女性。该分析使用 NCEP ATP III（2001）标准来诊断女性 MetS。MetS 被分为二分类，此外，还使用性别和种族特异性方程为每位参与者计算了 MetS z 分数。参与者的饮食质量使用 HEI-2015 进行测量。进行线性和逻辑回归以评估 HEI-2015 饮食质量与代谢综合征及其组成部分之间的关联。在 NHANES 2011-2018 中，65%的 45-65 岁非裔美国女性患有 MetS。研究参与者的平均 HEI-2015 得分为 100 分中的 55.4 分。随着 HEI-2015 四分位数的增加，平均 MetS z 分数降低（-值：0.0011）。年龄调整模型表明，HEI-2015 与腰围（β：-0.217；95%CI：-0.372，-0.063）、收缩压（β：-0.215；95%CI：-0.359，-0.072）、血糖（β：-0.344；95%CI：-0.681，-0.0066）和甘油三酯（β：-0.652；95%CI：-1.05，-0.251）之间存在统计学上显著的反比关系。在 NHANES 2011-2018 中招募的 45-65 岁非裔美国女性中，未发现 MetS 与饮食质量之间存在与 HEI-2015 相关的显著关联。然而，观察到 HEI-2015 评分增加与降低腹型肥胖、高血糖、高甘油三酯血症和收缩期高血压风险之间存在统计学显著关系。这项研究的结果证实了在非裔美国女性中实施公共卫生策略来改善饮食质量的必要性，这有助于降低她们患慢性病的风险。
