Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Caribbean Institute for Health Research (CAIHR), The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 6;11:1130830. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1130830. eCollection 2023.
Despite limited data on neighborhood factors and health risk in Caribbean populations, previous analyses from Jamaica have shown that neighborhood and home disorder were associated with lower physical activity and higher cumulative biological risk among women, while poorer neighborhood infrastructure was associated with higher overweight/obesity among men.
Cross-sectional survey design.
In this study, we explored whether community stressors, as measured by community violence, victimization and neighborhood disorder scores, were associated with cardiometabolic outcomes (obesity, diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol) in urban Jamaican communities. Sex-specific Poisson regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) for these associations, adjusting for age, education, diet, physical activity and smoking.
Of the 849 participants (M = 282; = 567), mean age was 48 ± 18.5 years and most had at least a high school education. Men were more likely to be current smokers (29.4 vs. 10.6%) and adequately physically active (53.2 vs. 42.0%); more women were obese (46.0 vs. 19.0%), more likely to have hypertension (52.9 vs. 45.4%) and had high cholesterol (34.2 vs. 21.6%) (all < 0.05).
We observed significant associations only for those in the middle tertile of neighborhood disorder with prevalence of higher cholesterol [PR:1.72 (1.20 to 2.47)] in women and lower prevalence of obesity [PR:0.24 (0.10 to 0.53)] in men.
Results suggest that higher, but not the highest level of neighborhood disorder was associated with higher cholesterol levels in women and lower obesity in men. Future work will explore additional approaches to measuring neighborhood characteristics in Jamaica and the mechanisms that may underlie any relationships that are identified.
尽管加勒比地区人群的社区因素和健康风险数据有限，但来自牙买加的先前分析表明，社区和家庭混乱与女性较低的身体活动水平和更高的累积生物风险相关，而较差的社区基础设施与男性更高的超重/肥胖相关。
横断面调查设计。
在这项研究中，我们探讨了社区压力源（通过社区暴力、受害和社区混乱得分来衡量）是否与城市牙买加社区的心血管代谢结局（肥胖、糖尿病、高血压和高胆固醇）相关。使用特定于性别的泊松回归模型来估计这些关联的患病率比（PR），并调整年龄、教育、饮食、身体活动和吸烟因素。
在 849 名参与者中（M=282；F=567），平均年龄为 48±18.5 岁，大多数人至少受过高中教育。男性更有可能是当前吸烟者（29.4%比 10.6%）和适度的身体活跃者（53.2%比 42.0%）；更多的女性肥胖（46.0%比 19.0%），更有可能患有高血压（52.9%比 45.4%）和高胆固醇（34.2%比 21.6%）（均<0.05）。
我们仅观察到社区混乱程度处于中间三分位数的参与者与女性高胆固醇患病率较高（PR：1.72（1.20 至 2.47））和男性低肥胖患病率相关（PR：0.24（0.10 至 0.53））。
结果表明，较高的社区混乱程度，而不是最高水平，与女性的高胆固醇水平和男性的低肥胖率相关。未来的工作将探索牙买加社区特征的其他测量方法以及可能解释所确定任何关系的机制。
