Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA.
Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2023 Oct 1;269:114281. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114281. Epub 2023 Jun 24.
Obesity rates are increasing and affecting mental health. It is important to understand how behavioral traits such as anhedonia are associated with physiologic traits that may predict weight-change in clinical and non-clinical populations. We studied whether 24-hour energy expenditure (24hEE) changes with fasting and overfeeding are associated with anhedonia in a healthy cohort. We performed behavioral assessments (physical anhedonia scale (PAS) and inventory for depressive symptoms (IDS)) followed by measures of 24hEE and urinary catecholamines in a whole-room indirect calorimeter (respiratory chamber) during energy balance, and then randomly during fasting and 2 different overfeeding diets. Participants (n=98) were medically healthy, between 18 and 55 years of age, with normal glucose regulation and weight-stable 6 months before admission. Women were premenopausal and not pregnant. Higher PAS was significantly associated with lesser decrease in 24hEE with fasting and higher urinary catecholamine excretion rates - consistent with spendthrift metabolism. As IDS increased, the association between anhedonia and the change in 24hEE from energy balance to fasting decreased (B-values were lower for change in EE). Here, higher PAS scores may reflect the ability to respond with appropriate homeostatic reactions which balance energy needs. IDS scores blunting this response may explain how anhedonia and depression can lead to weight gain.
肥胖率正在上升，并影响着心理健康。了解行为特征（如快感缺失）与可能预测临床和非临床人群体重变化的生理特征之间的关系非常重要。我们研究了在健康人群中，禁食和过食期间的 24 小时能量消耗（24hEE）变化是否与快感缺失有关。我们进行了行为评估（身体快感缺失量表（PAS）和抑郁症状量表（IDS）），然后在整个房间间接测热仪（呼吸室）中测量 24hEE 和尿儿茶酚胺，在能量平衡期间和随机禁食和 2 种不同的过食饮食期间进行。参与者（n=98）身体健康，年龄在 18 至 55 岁之间，葡萄糖调节正常，入院前 6 个月体重稳定。女性处于绝经前且未怀孕。PAS 评分越高，与禁食时 24hEE 减少相关的变化越小，与尿儿茶酚胺排泄率越高有关——这与挥霍性代谢一致。随着 IDS 的增加，快感缺失与从能量平衡到禁食的 24hEE 变化之间的相关性降低（EE 变化的 B 值较低）。在这里，较高的 PAS 分数可能反映了以适当的体内平衡反应做出反应的能力，从而平衡能量需求。IDS 评分削弱了这种反应，可能解释了快感缺失和抑郁如何导致体重增加。
