Clinical Department of Internal Diseases, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023 Aug 1;23(4):341-345. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000925. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
This review aims to present the current knowledge on the effectiveness and safety of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in patients over 60 years of age with inhalant allergies.
Over the last 10 years, the problem of immunoglobulin E allergy in seniors has been noticed by many authors. At the same time, in the 1990s, trials of desensitization to selected inhalant allergens were started, obtaining evidence of the effectiveness of AIT, both with the use of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and injection immunotherapy (SCIT), in patients over 60 years of age with allergic rhinitis. Such data have been confirmed for AITs for grasses, birch, and house dust mites. Currently, these patients are being monitored to assess the long-term effect of AIT. All available observations confirm the high safety of AIT in seniors.
Seniors with allergic rhinitis or asthma may qualify for AIT if they do not have contraindications. These patients can experience a sustained clinical benefit even after completing AIT treatment. Studies indicate that injectable and sublingual routes of administration may be effective in this age group, provided the suspect allergen is accurately diagnosed.
本文旨在介绍变应原免疫疗法（AIT）在 60 岁以上吸入性变应原过敏患者中的有效性和安全性的现有知识。
在过去的 10 年中，许多作者已经注意到老年人免疫球蛋白 E 过敏的问题。同时，在 20 世纪 90 年代，开始对选定的吸入性变应原进行脱敏试验，获得了 AIT 有效性的证据，包括舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）和注射免疫疗法（SCIT），在 60 岁以上的过敏性鼻炎患者中。这些数据已得到证实，适用于草、桦树和屋尘螨的 AIT。目前，正在对这些患者进行监测，以评估 AIT 的长期效果。所有现有的观察结果都证实 AIT 在老年人中具有很高的安全性。
如果没有禁忌症，患有过敏性鼻炎或哮喘的老年人可能有资格接受 AIT。这些患者即使在完成 AIT 治疗后，也可能持续受益于临床治疗。研究表明，在准确诊断可疑过敏原的前提下，注射和舌下给药途径可能对该年龄组有效。
