Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pre-Clinical Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Clin Oral Investig. 2023 Sep;27(9):5011-5020. doi: 10.1007/s00784-023-05120-0. Epub 2023 Jun 26.
This study evaluated the dimensional and positional osseous temporomandibular joint features in normodivergent facial patterns with and without temporomandibular disorders.
A total of 165 adult patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 79 patients; 158 joints): temporomandibular disorders patients and group 2 (n = 86 patients; 172 joints): non-temporomandibular disorders patients. Three-dimensional positional and dimensional temporomandibular joint characteristics, including glenoid fossa, mandibular condyles, and joint spaces, were assessed by cone beam computed tomography.
The glenoid fossa positions in the three orthogonal planes and height showed statistical significance between the two studied groups. The temporomandibular disorders patients showed higher horizontal and vertical condyle inclinations while anteroposterior inclination was less, and the condyle was positioned more superior, anterior, and lateral in the glenoid fossa. The condyle width and length showed no significance between the two groups, while condyle height was smaller in temporomandibular disorders patients. Anterior and medial joint spaces increased while the superior and posterior joint spaces reduced in temporomandibular disorders patients.
There were significant differences between the patients with and without temporomandibular joint disorders in terms of mandibular fossa positions and height as well as condylar positions and inclinations in horizontal and vertical planes together with reduced condylar height and reduced posterior and superior joint spaces in the temporomandibular disorders patients.
The temporomandibular disorder is a multifactorial disorder in which one of these factors is the dimensional and positional characteristics of the temporomandibular joints; including or excluding this factor requires a comprehensive three-dimensional investigation of patients with TMD compared to the normal group under the condition that the facial pattern is average as a confounding factor.
本研究评估了具有和不具有颞下颌关节紊乱的正常分散面部模式的颞下颌关节的维度和位置的骨骼特征。
共有 165 名成年患者分为两组：组 1（n=79 例；158 个关节）：颞下颌关节紊乱患者；组 2（n=86 例；172 个关节）：非颞下颌关节紊乱患者。通过锥形束计算机断层扫描评估包括关节窝、下颌髁突和关节间隙在内的颞下颌关节的三维位置和维度特征。
两组患者的关节窝在三个正交平面上的位置和高度存在统计学差异。颞下颌关节紊乱患者的髁突水平和垂直倾斜度较高，而前后倾斜度较小，髁突在关节窝中位置较高、靠前和靠外。两组患者的髁突宽度和长度无显著性差异，而颞下颌关节紊乱患者的髁突高度较小。关节间隙在前部和内侧增加，而在上部和后部减少。
颞下颌关节紊乱患者的下颌窝位置和高度以及髁突在水平和垂直平面上的位置和倾斜度与无颞下颌关节紊乱患者存在显著差异，同时，颞下颌关节紊乱患者的髁突高度较小，后部和上部关节间隙较小。
颞下颌关节紊乱是一种多因素疾病，其中一个因素是颞下颌关节的维度和位置特征；在排除或包括该因素时，需要将患者与正常组进行全面的三维比较，前提是作为混杂因素的面型为平均型。
