Almashraqi Abeer A, Aboalnaga Amira A, Alhammadi Maged S, Salah Fayed Mona M
Department of Clinical Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Front Oral Health. 2025 May 15;6:1572305. doi: 10.3389/froh.2025.1572305. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to compare the dimensional and positional osseous features of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion, female patients without temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and those with TMDs presenting as disc displacement with/without reduction (DDR/DDWR).
Adult patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and average vertical facial pattern (Mandibular plane inclination = 37 ± 5°) were categorized into the TMD group comprising patients with DDR/DDWR and the non-TMD group. Three-dimensional standardized TMJ analysis was performed using cone-beam computed tomography, which included assessments of the mandibular fossa (MF), mandibular condyle, TMJ spaces, and vertical and anteroposterior intra-joint condylar positions.
The MF location in the DDR/DDWR group was significantly more superior ( < 0.0001) and anterior ( = 0.012) relative to the respective planes. The MF width was significantly lesser ( = 0.001) with a steeper ( < 0.0001) anterior wall inclination in the DDR/DDWR group than in the non-TMD. The mandibular condyles were located significantly more laterally ( = 0.016), at a greater distance from the midsagittal plane, in the DDR/DDWR group than in the non-TMD. The anterior and medial joint spaces were significantly larger ( < 0.0001) and the intra-joint condylar positions were more posterior and superior ( < 0.0001) in the DDR/DDWR group than in the non-TMD.
The positional and dimensional osseous characteristics of the TMJ differed significantly between patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion without TMDs and those with DDR or DDWR.
本研究旨在比较骨骼Ⅲ类错牙合患者、无颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）的女性患者以及表现为可复性/不可复性盘移位（DDR/DDWR）的TMD患者颞下颌关节（TMJ）的尺寸和位置骨性特征。
将具有平均垂直面型（下颌平面倾斜度=37±5°）的成年骨骼Ⅲ类错牙合患者分为DDR/DDWR患者组成的TMD组和非TMD组。使用锥形束计算机断层扫描进行三维标准化TMJ分析，包括对下颌窝（MF）、下颌髁突、TMJ间隙以及关节内髁突垂直和前后位置的评估。
相对于各自平面，DDR/DDWR组的MF位置显著更高（<0.0001）且更靠前（=0.012）。DDR/DDWR组的MF宽度显著更小（=0.001），前壁倾斜度比非TMD组更陡（<0.0001）。DDR/DDWR组的下颌髁突相对于非TMD组显著更靠外侧（=0.016），离矢状中线更远。DDR/DDWR组的前关节间隙和内侧关节间隙显著更大（<0.0001），关节内髁突位置更靠后且更高（<0.0001）。
无TMD的骨骼Ⅲ类错牙合患者与患有DDR或DDWR的患者之间，TMJ的位置和尺寸骨性特征存在显著差异。
