Peng Yan, Lv Shao Bo, Low Su Rou, Bono Suzanna A
School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
School of Psychology and Mental Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China.
Curr Psychol. 2023 May 30:1-12. doi: 10.1007/s12144-023-04785-w.
Employment among final year college students in China has encountered unprecedented difficulties during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the high unemployment rate had led college graduates faced inadvertently mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. This study aims to investigate the impact of employment stress on college students' psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. An online survey consisting of demographic items (i.e., age, gender, subject major, type of university, and perceived severity of the current employment situation), Employment Stress scale, Employment Anxiety Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire was employed for data collection. A total of 2,627 final year college students were recruited, with participants displayed below moderate levels of employment stress and anxiety. Approximately 13.2% of participants were depressed and 53.3% considered the current employment situation as severe. Female students were stressed by individual factors and anxious, whilst male students were more depressed. Arts students were less depressed and students from comprehensive universities were more depressed and anxious compared to other types of universities. Students who perceived the employment situation as very severe displayed the lowest level of employment stress and anxiety. Gender, university type, family stress, college stress, and individual stress are predictors of psychological well-being among college students. The family environment, female identity, and stress from university play a crucial role in college students' psychological well-being. The government should pay more attention to the psychological well-being of graduate students and develop feasible measures to help them secure a job during this unprecedented time.
在2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情期间，中国应届大学生的就业遭遇了前所未有的困难，高失业率导致大学毕业生不经意间面临焦虑和抑郁等心理健康问题。本研究旨在调查COVID-19疫情期间就业压力对中国大学生心理健康的影响。采用了一项在线调查进行数据收集，该调查包括人口统计学项目（即年龄、性别、学科专业、大学类型和对当前就业形势的感知严重程度）、就业压力量表、就业焦虑量表和患者健康问卷。共招募了2627名应届大学生，参与者的就业压力和焦虑水平处于中等以下。约13.2%的参与者有抑郁症状，53.3%的参与者认为当前就业形势严峻。女生因个人因素感到压力和焦虑，而男生则更易抑郁。与其他类型大学的学生相比，文科专业学生抑郁程度较低，综合性大学的学生抑郁和焦虑程度更高。认为就业形势非常严峻的学生就业压力和焦虑水平最低。性别、大学类型、家庭压力、学校压力和个人压力是大学生心理健康的预测因素。家庭环境、女性身份和学校压力对大学生的心理健康起着至关重要的作用。政府应更加关注研究生的心理健康，并制定可行的措施，帮助他们在这个前所未有的时期找到工作。
