Alcañiz-Colomer Joaquín, Moya Miguel, Valor-Segura Inmaculada
Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Research Centre in Mind, Brain, and Behavior (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain.
Sex Roles. 2023 May 24:1-17. doi: 10.1007/s11199-023-01375-9.
Poverty is a phenomenon that affects men and women differently. In the current research, we examined social perceptions of poor men and women across three experiments focusing on attributions for poverty, classist attitudes, and stereotypes about poor people. In Study 1, participants from the general population ( = 484) made more individualistic (dispositional) attributions for men's poverty compared to women's poverty, blaming men more for their poverty. Participants also believed that men would manage the assistance they received from the state more poorly than women. These patterns were observed across all three studies. In Study 2 ( = 256), we also found that more individualistic attributions for why men were in poverty predicted more negative attitudes toward social protection policies concerning men. In Study 3 ( = 358), we replicated the results observed in Study 2, and found that women in poverty were described as mor communal and competent than men in poverty. We interpret these results considering the operation of traditional gender roles as well as the parallelism between stereotypes of women and poor people. Our results are relevant to the framing of the proposals by social organizations, political parties, and emancipation movements that advocate for policies and programs to address poverty.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11199-023-01375-9.
贫困是一种对男性和女性影响不同的现象。在当前的研究中，我们通过三项实验研究了社会对贫困男性和女性的看法，这些实验聚焦于贫困归因、阶级主义态度以及对贫困人口的刻板印象。在研究1中，来自普通人群的参与者（(n = 484)）对男性贫困做出的个人主义（性格）归因多于女性贫困，更多地将男性的贫困归咎于他们自身。参与者还认为男性管理他们从国家获得的援助的能力比女性差。在所有三项研究中都观察到了这些模式。在研究2（(n = 256)）中，我们还发现，对男性贫困原因的更多个人主义归因预示着对有关男性的社会保护政策更消极的态度。在研究3（(n = 358)）中，我们重复了在研究2中观察到的结果，发现贫困女性比贫困男性被描述为更具集体性和能力更强。我们从传统性别角色的作用以及女性和贫困人口刻板印象之间的相似性来解释这些结果。我们的研究结果与倡导解决贫困问题的政策和项目的社会组织、政党及解放运动所提出的建议的框架相关。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11199-023-01375-9获取的补充材料。
