Gebrehiwet Kahasit, Biranu Endalkchew, Nigatu Wondatir, Gebreegziabher Atsbeha, Desta Kassu
Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
St. Peter's Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2023 Jun 21;16:3965-3979. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S410260. eCollection 2023.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis are the causes of widely spread infectious disease, especially in resource-limited countries. The extent of HBV infection and its contributing factors among people with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were not adequately addressed.
To assess the prevalence of HBV, HIV & their associated risk factors and the magnitude of TB among individuals with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis attending at St. Peter's Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 387 individuals with presumptive PTB from October to December 2020. A standard questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and associated risk factors. Sputum samples were analyzed by GeneXpert, Florescent Microscopy and Ziehl-Nelson staining technique. HBsAg test was carried out using Murex Version 3 ELISA test kit from serum/Plasma samples, HIV testing was performed by rapid HIV test kits and data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.
The mean age of study participants was 44.2 years. Overall, 14 (3.6%), 28 (7.2%) and 37 (9.6%) of them were positive for HBV, HIV & TB, respectively. Only single patient was HBV-HIV co-infected (0.3%). The TB-HIV co-infection was identified in 6 (1.6%). In multivariate analysis, being partner separated, alcohol consumption, body piercing and having multiple sexual partners were significantly associated with HBV infection. Having a spouse, who is divorced, widowed, sharing scissors, alcohol consumption and contact with multiple sexual partners also significantly associated with HIV infection.
This study showed that HBV, HIV and TB are still public health issues that need awareness and health education on the risky behaviors and transmission of HBV, HIV & TB among individuals with presumptive TB suspects. Further large-scale study is necessary.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和结核病是广泛传播的传染病病因，尤其是在资源有限的国家。疑似肺结核（PTB）患者中HBV感染的程度及其影响因素尚未得到充分研究。
评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴圣彼得专科医院疑似肺结核患者中HBV、HIV的患病率及其相关危险因素以及结核病的感染率。
2020年10月至12月，对387例疑似PTB患者进行了一项横断面研究。使用标准问卷收集社会人口学数据和相关危险因素。痰标本采用GeneXpert、荧光显微镜和萋尼氏染色技术进行分析。采用Murex Version 3 ELISA检测试剂盒对血清/血浆样本进行HBsAg检测，采用快速HIV检测试剂盒进行HIV检测，并使用SPSS 23版软件进行数据分析。
研究参与者的平均年龄为44.2岁。总体而言，他们中分别有14例（3.6%）、28例（7.2%）和37例（9.6%）HBV、HIV和结核病检测呈阳性。仅1例患者为HBV-HIV合并感染（0.3%）。6例（1.6%）患者被确诊为TB-HIV合并感染。多因素分析显示，伴侣分居、饮酒、纹身和有多个性伴侣与HBV感染显著相关。配偶离异、丧偶、共用剪刀、饮酒以及与多个性伴侣接触也与HIV感染显著相关。
本研究表明，HBV、HIV和结核病仍是公共卫生问题，需要对疑似结核病患者进行关于HBV、HIV和结核病的危险行为及传播的宣传和健康教育。有必要进一步开展大规模研究。
