Thanasoponkul Waralee, Changbunjong Tanasak, Sukkurd Rattanavadee, Saiwichai Tawee
Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
Insects. 2023 Jun 16;14(6):564. doi: 10.3390/insects14060564.
(Diptera: Culicidae) is a vector for mosquito-borne diseases worldwide. Insecticide resistance is a major concern in controlling this mosquito. We investigated the chemical compounds in wet and dry spent coffee grounds (wSCGs and dSCGs) and evaluated the efficacy of dSCGs, wSCGs, and novaluron on the mortality and adult emergence inhibition of . We found higher concentrations of chemical compounds in wSCGs than in dSCGs. The wSCGs and dSCGs both contained total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid compounds, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, protocatechuic acid, and vanillic acid. Complete mortality was observed after 48 h of exposure to 50 g/L wSCGs, while similar mortality was found after 120 h of exposure to 10 µg/L of novaluron. The sublethal dose was a concentration of wSCGs (5 g/L) and novaluron (0.01, 0.1, and 1 µg/L) combined that resulted in a larval mortality lower than twenty percent (at 72 h) to determine their synergistic effects. The death rate of larvae exposed in sublethal combination of wSCGs and novaluron was significantly higher than that of its stand-alone. The findings indicate that the combination of wSCGs and novaluron at sublethal concentrations had synergistic effects on the mortality of larvae and could be applied as an alternative control measure.
（双翅目：蚊科）是全球蚊媒疾病的传播媒介。杀虫剂抗性是控制这种蚊子的主要问题。我们研究了湿咖啡渣和干咖啡渣（wSCGs和dSCGs）中的化学成分，并评估了dSCGs、wSCGs和诺瓦隆对[蚊子名称未给出]死亡率和成虫羽化抑制的效果。我们发现wSCGs中的化合物浓度高于dSCGs。wSCGs和dSCGs都含有总酚类化合物、总黄酮类化合物、咖啡酸、香豆酸、原儿茶酸和香草酸。暴露于50 g/L的wSCGs 48小时后观察到完全死亡，而暴露于10 µg/L的诺瓦隆120小时后发现类似的死亡率。亚致死剂量是wSCGs（5 g/L）和诺瓦隆（0.01、0.1和1 µg/L）的组合浓度，导致幼虫死亡率低于20%（72小时时），以确定它们的协同作用。暴露于wSCGs和诺瓦隆亚致死组合的幼虫死亡率明显高于单独使用时。研究结果表明，亚致死浓度的wSCGs和诺瓦隆组合对[蚊子名称未给出]幼虫死亡率具有协同作用，可作为一种替代控制措施应用。
