Kumar Ravinder, Nehra Manju, Kumar Dharmender, Saharan Baljeet Singh, Chawla Prince, Sadh Pardeep Kumar, Manuja Anju, Duhan Joginder Singh
Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, India.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, India.
J Xenobiot. 2023 Jun 5;13(2):270-283. doi: 10.3390/jox13020020.
Chemical fungicides are the backbone of modern agriculture, but an alternative formulation is necessary for sustainable crop production to address human health issues and soil/water environmental pollution. So, a green chemistry approach was used to form guar gum nanoemulsions (NEs) of 186.5-394.1 nm containing the chemical fungicide mancozeb and was characterized using various physio-chemical techniques. An 84.5% inhibition was shown by 1.5 mg/mL mancozeb-loaded NEs (GG-1.5) against , comparable to commercial mancozeb (86.5 ± 0.7%). The highest mycelial inhibition was exhibited against and In tomatoes and potatoes, NEs showed superior antifungal efficacy in pot conditions besides plant growth parameters (germination percentage, root/shoot ratio and dry biomass). About 98% of the commercial mancozeb was released in just two h, while only about 43% of mancozeb was released from nanoemulsions (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5) for the same time. The most significant results for cell viability were seen at 1.0 mg/mL concentration of treatment, where wide gaps in cell viability were observed for commercial mancozeb (21.67%) and NEs treatments (63.83-71.88%). Thus, this study may help to combat the soil and water pollution menace of harmful chemical pesticides besides protecting vegetable crops.
化学杀菌剂是现代农业的支柱，但为了实现可持续作物生产以解决人类健康问题和土壤/水污染问题，需要一种替代配方。因此，采用绿色化学方法制备了含有化学杀菌剂代森锰锌的瓜尔胶纳米乳液（NEs），其粒径为186.5 - 394.1 nm，并使用各种物理化学技术对其进行了表征。载有1.5 mg/mL代森锰锌的纳米乳液（GG - 1.5）对[具体菌种未提及]表现出84.5%的抑制率，与市售代森锰锌（86.5±0.7%）相当。对[具体菌种未提及]和[具体菌种未提及]表现出最高的菌丝抑制率。在番茄和马铃薯中，纳米乳液在盆栽条件下除了对植物生长参数（发芽率、根/茎比和干生物量）外，还表现出优异的抗真菌效果。约98%的市售代森锰锌在短短两小时内就释放出来，而在相同时间内，纳米乳液（0.5、1.0和1.5）中代森锰锌的释放量仅约为43%。在1.0 mg/mL处理浓度下观察到了最显著的细胞活力结果，在该浓度下，市售代森锰锌处理组（21.67%）和纳米乳液处理组（63.83 - 71.88%）的细胞活力存在很大差距。因此，本研究可能有助于应对有害化学农药对土壤和水的污染威胁，同时保护蔬菜作物。
