Jitpeera Charuttaporn, Wongsanuphat Suphanat, Thammawijaya Panithee, Sonthichai Chaninan, Iamsirithaworn Sopon, McNabb Scott J N
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
Vaccine Preventable Diseases Unit, Division of Communicable Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2023 Jun 6;8(6):311. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed8060311.
The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) was a pandemic that caused high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The COVID-19 vaccine was expected to be a game-changer for the pandemic. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of COVID-19 cases and vaccination in Thailand during 2021. An association between vaccination and case rates was estimated with potential confounders at ecological levels (color zones, curfews set by provincial authorities, tourism, and migrant movements) considering time lags at two, four, six, and eight weeks after vaccination. A spatial panel model for bivariate data was used to explore the relationship between case rates and each variable and included only a two-week lag after vaccination for each variable in the multivariate analyses. In 2021, Thailand had 1,965,023 cumulative cases and 45,788,315 total administered first vaccination doses (63.60%). High cases and vaccination rates were found among 31-45-year-olds. Vaccination rates had a slightly positive association with case rates due to the allocation of hot-spot pandemic areas in the early period. The proportion of migrants and color zones measured had positive associations with case rates at the provincial level. The proportion of tourists had a negative association. Vaccinations should be provided to migrants, and collaboration between tourism and public health should prepare for the new era of tourism.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一场在全球范围内导致高发病率和高死亡率的大流行病。COVID-19疫苗有望成为这场大流行病的一个改变局面的因素。本研究旨在描述2021年泰国COVID-19病例和疫苗接种的特征。在考虑接种后两周、四周、六周和八周的时间滞后的情况下，在生态层面（颜色区域、省级当局设定的宵禁、旅游业和移民流动）对潜在混杂因素进行估计，以评估疫苗接种与病例率之间的关联。使用双变量数据的空间面板模型来探讨病例率与每个变量之间的关系，并且在多变量分析中每个变量仅纳入接种后两周的滞后情况。2021年，泰国累计病例达1,965,023例，共接种首剂疫苗45,788,315剂（63.60%）。31至45岁人群中的病例数和疫苗接种率较高。由于早期热点大流行地区的分配，疫苗接种率与病例率呈略微正相关。在省级层面，测量的移民比例和颜色区域与病例率呈正相关。游客比例呈负相关。应向移民提供疫苗接种，旅游业和公共卫生部门之间的合作应为旅游业的新时代做好准备。
