Razmaitė Violeta, Šiukščius Artūras
Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Animal Science Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, R. Žebenkos 12, 82317 Baisogala, Lithuania.
Foods. 2023 Jun 14;12(12):2369. doi: 10.3390/foods12122369.
The objective of the study was to determine the effects of sex and hunting season on the carcass, meat and fat quality of hunted brown hares (). Twenty-two hares of both sexes hunted in winter (December) during two hunting seasons in accordance with the law on hunting in Lithuania were evaluated using reference methods The data were subjected to two-factor analysis of variance in the general linear (GLM) procedure. No significant differences in carcass measurements and muscularity or internal organs between the sexes of brown hares were found; however, the hunting season appeared to affect the size of hares. The (BF) thigh muscle of males had lower ( < 0.05) dry matter content and higher ( < 0.05) drip loss compared with females. The hunting season demonstrated an effect ( < 0.001) on protein and hydroxyproline contents in the (LTL) and affected dry matter, protein and hydroxyproline contents ( < 0.05, < 0.001 and < 0.01, respectively) in BF muscles, and differences in the colour of muscles were also observed. The shear force in the Warner-Bratzler (WB) test was higher ( < 0.001 and < 0.01, respectively) for LTL and BF muscles during the first hunting season. The hunting season did not affect the total SFA in the intramuscular fat (IMF) of all the tissues, but it affected levels of monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids in the muscles. No differences were found in the total saturated fatty acids (SFA) of both muscles between the sexes, but females demonstrated lower ( < 0.05 and < 0.01, respectively) and more favourable n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios in the muscles and fat and a lower ( < 0.05) thrombogenic (TI) index in the LTL compared with males.
本研究的目的是确定性别和狩猎季节对猎获的棕色野兔胴体、肉和脂肪品质的影响。根据立陶宛狩猎法，在两个狩猎季节的冬季（12月）猎获的22只雌雄棕色野兔，采用参考方法进行评估。数据在通用线性（GLM）程序中进行双因素方差分析。棕色野兔的性别在胴体测量、肌肉发达程度或内部器官方面未发现显著差异；然而，狩猎季节似乎会影响野兔的体型。与雌性相比，雄性的（BF）大腿肌肉干物质含量较低（P<0.05），滴水损失较高（P<0.05）。狩猎季节对（LTL）的蛋白质和羟脯氨酸含量有影响（P<0.001），并影响BF肌肉中的干物质、蛋白质和羟脯氨酸含量（分别为P<0.05、P<0.001和P<0.01），同时也观察到肌肉颜色的差异。在第一个狩猎季节，LTL和BF肌肉在沃纳-布拉茨勒（WB）试验中的剪切力较高（分别为P<0.001和P<0.01）。狩猎季节对所有组织肌肉内脂肪（IMF）中的总饱和脂肪酸（SFA）没有影响，但会影响肌肉中单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的水平。两性的两块肌肉的总饱和脂肪酸（SFA）没有差异，但与雄性相比，雌性肌肉和脂肪中的n-6/n-3 PUFA比值较低（分别为P<0.05和P<0.01），LTL中的血栓形成（TI）指数较低（P<0.05）。
