Lange Rachel E, Dupuis Alan P, Ciota Alexander T
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Griffin Laboratory, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, NY 12159, USA.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jun 15;11(6):1590. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11061590.
Bourbon virus (BRBV, family ) is a tickborne virus recently detected in the United States (US). BRBV was first identified from a fatal human case in 2014 in Bourbon County, Kansas. Enhanced surveillance in Kansas and Missouri implicated as the primary vector for BRBV. Historically, BRBV was only detected in the lower midwestern US, but since 2020 it has been reported in North Carolina, Virginia, New Jersey, and New York State (NYS). This study aimed to elucidate genetic and phenotypic characteristics of BRBV strains from NYS through whole genome sequencing and the assessment of replication kinetics in mammalian cultures and nymphs. Sequence analysis revealed the existence of two divergent BRBV clades circulating in NYS. BRBV NY21-2143 is closely related to the midwestern BRBV strains but has unique substitutions in the glycoprotein. Two other NYS BRBV strains, BRBV NY21-1814 and BRBV NY21-2666, form a distinct clade unique from previously sequenced BRBV strains. Phenotypic diversification was also detected in NYS BRBV strains compared to each other and midwestern BRBV strains, with BRBV NY21-2143 displaying attenuation in rodent-derived cell culture and a fitness advantage in experimentally infected . These data suggest genetic and phenotypic diversification of emergent BRBV strains circulating in NYS that could contribute to increased spread of BRBV in the northeastern US.
波旁病毒（BRBV，科）是一种最近在美国发现的蜱传病毒。BRBV于2014年在堪萨斯州波旁县的一例致命人类病例中首次被鉴定出来。堪萨斯州和密苏里州加强监测后发现 是BRBV的主要传播媒介。历史上，BRBV仅在美国中西部下游地区被检测到，但自2020年以来，北卡罗来纳州、弗吉尼亚州、新泽西州和纽约州（NYS）均有相关报告。本研究旨在通过全基因组测序以及评估其在哺乳动物培养物和若虫中的复制动力学，阐明来自纽约州的BRBV毒株的遗传和表型特征。序列分析显示，纽约州存在两个不同的BRBV进化枝在传播。BRBV NY21 - 2143与中西部的BRBV毒株密切相关，但在糖蛋白上有独特的替代。另外两个纽约州的BRBV毒株，BRBV NY21 - 1814和BRBV NY21 - 2666，形成了一个与先前测序的BRBV毒株不同的独特进化枝。与彼此以及中西部的BRBV毒株相比，纽约州的BRBV毒株也检测到了表型多样化，BRBV NY21 - 2143在源自啮齿动物的细胞培养中表现出衰减，而在实验感染的 中具有适应性优势。这些数据表明，在纽约州传播的新兴BRBV毒株存在遗传和表型多样化，这可能导致BRBV在美国东北部的传播增加。
