International College of Semiconductor Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
Molecules. 2023 Jun 6;28(12):4579. doi: 10.3390/molecules28124579.
Solid-state lithium metal batteries offer superior energy density, longer lifespan, and enhanced safety compared to traditional liquid-electrolyte batteries. Their development has the potential to revolutionize battery technology, including the creation of electric vehicles with extended ranges and smaller more efficient portable devices. The employment of metallic lithium as the negative electrode allows the use of Li-free positive electrode materials, expanding the range of cathode choices and increasing the diversity of solid-state battery design options. In this review, we present recent developments in the configuration of solid-state lithium batteries with conversion-type cathodes, which cannot be paired with conventional graphite or advanced silicon anodes due to the lack of active lithium. Recent advancements in electrode and cell configuration have resulted in significant improvements in solid-state batteries with chalcogen, chalcogenide, and halide cathodes, including improved energy density, better rate capability, longer cycle life, and other notable benefits. To fully leverage the benefits of lithium metal anodes in solid-state batteries, high-capacity conversion-type cathodes are necessary. While challenges remain in optimizing the interface between solid-state electrolytes and conversion-type cathodes, this area of research presents significant opportunities for the development of improved battery systems and will require continued efforts to overcome these challenges.
固态锂电池与传统液态电解质电池相比，具有更高的能量密度、更长的寿命和更高的安全性。它们的发展有可能彻底改变电池技术，包括制造续航里程更长、更小更高效的便携式设备的电动汽车。使用金属锂作为负极，可以使用不含锂的正极材料，扩大正极材料的选择范围，并增加固态电池设计方案的多样性。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了近年来具有转换型阴极的固态锂电池的结构发展，由于缺乏活性锂，这些阴极无法与传统的石墨或先进的硅阳极相匹配。最近在电极和电池结构方面的进展，使得具有硫属、硫属化物和卤化物阴极的固态电池取得了显著的改进，包括提高能量密度、更好的倍率性能、更长的循环寿命和其他显著的优势。为了充分利用固态锂电池中金属锂阳极的优势，需要使用高容量的转换型阴极。虽然在优化固态电解质和转换型阴极之间的界面方面仍然存在挑战，但这一研究领域为开发改进的电池系统提供了重大机遇，需要继续努力克服这些挑战。
