Sun Jiahui, Wang Yiheng, Qiao Ping, Zhang Lei, Li Enze, Dong Wenpan, Zhao Yuping, Huang Luqi
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Key Laboratory of Biology and Cultivation of Herb Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100700, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jun 6;12(12):2231. doi: 10.3390/plants12122231.
Despite having a generally conserved structure, chloroplast genome data have been helpful for plant population genetics and evolution research. To mine chloroplast genome variation architecture and phylogeny, we investigated the chloroplast variation architecture of 104 accessions from across China. 's chloroplast genome showed high diversity levels, with 1674 variations, including 1118 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 556 indels. The intergenic spacers, psbZ-trnS and ccsA-ndhD, are the two mutation hotspot regions in the chloroplast genome. Phylogenetic analysis based on the chloroplast genome dataset supported four clades. variations were conserved among and within clades, which showed high gene flow levels. Most clades were estimated to have diverged at 3.82-5.17 million years ago. Moreover, the East Asian summer monsoon and South Asian summer monsoon may have accelerated population divergence. Our results show that chloroplast genome sequences were highly variable and can be used as molecular markers to assess genetic variation and relationships in .
尽管叶绿体基因组结构总体保守，但叶绿体基因组数据对植物群体遗传学和进化研究仍有帮助。为挖掘叶绿体基因组变异结构和系统发育关系，我们调查了来自中国各地的104份材料的叶绿体变异结构。其叶绿体基因组显示出高度的多样性水平，有1674个变异，包括1118个单核苷酸多态性和556个插入缺失。基因间隔区psbZ-trnS和ccsA-ndhD是叶绿体基因组中的两个突变热点区域。基于叶绿体基因组数据集的系统发育分析支持四个分支。分支间和分支内的变异是保守的，这表明基因流水平较高。大多数分支估计在382万至517万年前分化。此外，东亚夏季风和南亚夏季风可能加速了群体分化。我们的结果表明，叶绿体基因组序列高度可变，可作为分子标记来评估其遗传变异和关系。
