Adeniyi Amos, Odo Gerald Oke, Gonzalez-Ortiz Danae, Pochat-Bohatier Celine, Mbakop Sandrine, Onyango Maurice Stephen
Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0183, South Africa.
Water for Rural Communities (WARUC), Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jun 9;15(12):2636. doi: 10.3390/polym15122636.
This work demonstrated the potential of CNC as a substitute for PEG as an additive in ultrafiltration membrane fabrication. Two sets of modified membranes were fabricated using the phase inversion technique, with polyethersulfone (PES) as the base polymer and 1-N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone (NMP) as the solvent. The first set was fabricated with 0.075 wt% CNC, while the second set was fabricated with 2 wt% PEG. All membranes were characterized using SEM, EDX, FTIR, and contact angle measurements. The SEM images were analyzed for surface characteristics using WSxM 5.0 Develop 9.1 software. The membranes were tested, characterized, and compared for their performance in treating both synthetic and real restaurant wastewater. Both membranes exhibited improved hydrophilicity, morphology, pore structure, and roughness. Both membranes also exhibited similar water flux for real and synthetic polluted water. However, the membrane prepared with CNC gave higher turbidity removal and COD removal when raw restaurant water was treated. The membrane compared well with the UF membrane containing 2 wt% PEG in terms of morphology and performance when synthetic turbid water and raw restaurant water were treated.
这项工作证明了纤维素纳米晶（CNC）作为聚乙二醇（PEG）的替代品在超滤膜制备中作为添加剂的潜力。使用相转化技术制备了两组改性膜，以聚醚砜（PES）为基础聚合物，1- N -甲基-2-吡咯烷酮（NMP）为溶剂。第一组膜的制备中添加了0.075 wt%的CNC，而第二组膜的制备中添加了2 wt%的PEG。所有膜均通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量散射X射线光谱（EDX）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和接触角测量进行表征。使用WSxM 5.0 Develop 9.1软件对SEM图像的表面特征进行分析。对这些膜在处理合成和实际餐饮废水方面的性能进行了测试、表征和比较。两种膜均表现出亲水性、形态、孔结构和粗糙度的改善。对于实际和合成污染水，两种膜也表现出相似的水通量。然而，在用CNC制备的膜处理未经处理的餐饮废水时，其浊度去除率和化学需氧量（COD）去除率更高。在处理合成浊水和未经处理的餐饮废水时，就形态和性能而言，该膜与含有2 wt% PEG的超滤膜相当。
