Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal.
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2023 Nov;23(11):2251-2263. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2023.2222685. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
In this study we aimed at analysing the effects of different weekly exercise volumes (1, 2 or 3 times 60-min) on bone health, body composition and physical fitness of inactive middle-to-older-aged males, after 16 weeks of recreational team handball (RTH). Fifty-four men (68 ± 4 years, stature 169 ± 6 cm; body mass 78.4 ± 10.7 kg; fat mass 27.1 ± 5.3%; BMI 27.4 ± 2.9 kg/m; VO 27.3 ± 4.8 mL/min/kg) were randomised into three intervention groups (TH1, = 13; TH2, = 15; or TH3, = 12, performing 1, 2 and 3 weekly 60-min training sessions, respectively), and a control group (CG, = 14). The training sessions consisted mainly of RTH matches played as small-sided and formal game formats (4v4, 5v5, 6v6 or 7v7) with adapted rules. Matches' mean and peak heart rate (HR) ranged from 78-80% and 86-89%HR, respectively, and distance covered from 4676 to 5202 m. A time x group interaction was observed for procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen crosslinks (CTX), sclerostin, upper and lower body dynamic strength, right arm fat mass, left and right arm, right leg and android total mass (TM; ≤ 0.047) with the greatest effects being shown for TH2 and TH3 groups. Post-intervention group differences were observed in CTX, left arm and right leg TM (TH3 > TH1), P1NP (TH2 > CG), OC, right arm TM (TH3 > CG), upper (CG < TH1, TH2 and TH3) and lower body dynamic strength (CG < TH1 and TH3) (≤ 0.047). RTH was effective in enhancing bone health, body composition and physical fitness in middle-to-older-aged males, especially for the intervention groups that performed 2-3 weekly training sessions.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05295511. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05295511.After 16 weeks of recreational team handball small-sided and formal matches, inactive middle-to-older-aged males improved bone health, body composition and physical fitness, by performing 1, 2 or 3 60-min weekly sessions, however, greater improvements were shown in the groups that performed 2 or 3 weekly training sessions.Training intensity was similar across the intervention groups that performed recreational team handball for 1, 2 or 3 60-min weekly sessions, which means that training volume is most likely to be the reason for the different health effects shown.The very high fun levels reported by all intervention groups shows that recreational team handball is a social and fun exercise modality for middle-to-older-aged males, with potential to intrinsically motivate the participants and assure long-term adherence to exercise.
在这项研究中，我们旨在分析不同每周运动量（1 次、2 次或 3 次 60 分钟）对 54 名不活跃的中老年男性的骨健康、身体成分和身体适应性的影响，这些男性在 16 周的娱乐团体手球（RTH）后。这些男性的年龄为 68±4 岁，身高为 169±6 厘米，体重为 78.4±10.7 千克，体脂肪率为 27.1±5.3%，BMI 为 27.4±2.9 千克/平方米，VO 27.3±4.8 毫升/分钟/千克。这些男性被随机分为三组干预组（TH1，n=13；TH2，n=15；或 TH3，n=12，分别进行 1、2 和 3 次每周 60 分钟的训练）和对照组（CG，n=14）。训练课程主要包括以小场和正式比赛形式进行的 RTH 比赛（4v4、5v5、6v6 或 7v7），并采用了改编的规则。比赛的平均和峰值心率分别为 78-80%和 86-89%HR，距离为 4676 至 5202 米。观察到了前组间的时间交互作用，对前胶原型 1 氨基末端前肽（P1NP）、骨钙素（OC）、羧基末端型 1 胶原交联（CTX）、硬化蛋白、上下身动态力量、右臂脂肪质量、左臂和右臂、右腿和安卓总质量（TM；≤0.047），其中 TH2 和 TH3 组的效果最大。干预后，CTX、左臂和右腿 TM（TH3>TH1）、P1NP（TH2>CG）、OC、右臂 TM（TH3>CG）、上半身（CG<TH1、TH2 和 TH3）和下半身动态力量（CG<TH1 和 TH3）（≤0.047）存在组间差异。RTH 有效提高了中老年男性的骨健康、身体成分和身体适应性，特别是对进行 2-3 次每周训练的干预组。ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT05295511。在 16 周的娱乐团体手球小场和正式比赛后，不活跃的中老年男性通过进行 1、2 或 3 次每周 60 分钟的训练，改善了骨健康、身体成分和身体适应性，然而，在进行 2 或 3 次每周训练的组中，显示出更大的改善。各干预组进行的娱乐团体手球的训练强度相似，每周进行 1、2 或 3 次 60 分钟的训练，这意味着训练量可能是显示不同健康效果的原因。所有干预组报告的非常高的乐趣水平表明，娱乐团体手球是一种适合中老年男性的社交和有趣的运动方式，有可能从内在激励参与者并确保长期坚持锻炼。
