Bayo Jimenez Maria Teresa, Hahad Omar, Kuntic Marin, Daiber Andreas, Münzel Thomas
Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz, Germany.
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main Mainz, Germany.
Eur Cardiol. 2023 Apr 4;18:e09. doi: 10.15420/ecr.2022.41. eCollection 2023.
During the last two decades, large epidemiological studies have shown that the physical environment, including noise, air pollution or heavy metals, have a considerable impact on human health. It is known that the most common cardiovascular risk factors are all associated with endothelial dysfunction. Vascular tone, circulation of blood cells, inflammation, and platelet activity are some of the most essential functions regulated by the endothelium that suffer negative effects as a consequence of environmental pollution, causing endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we delineate the impact of environmental risk factors in connection to endothelial function. On a mechanistic level, a significant number of studies suggest the involvement of endothelial dysfunction to fundamentally drive the adverse endothelium health effects of the different pollutants. We focus on well-established studies that demonstrate the negative effects on the endothelium, with a focus on air, noise, and heavy metal pollution. This in-depth review on endothelial dysfunction as a consequence of the physical environment aims to contribute to the associated research needs by evaluating current findings from human and animal studies. From a public health perspective, these findings may also help to reinforce efforts promoting the research for adequate promising biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases since endothelial function is considered a hallmark of environmental stressor health effects.
在过去二十年中，大型流行病学研究表明，包括噪音、空气污染或重金属在内的物理环境对人类健康有相当大的影响。众所周知，最常见的心血管危险因素都与内皮功能障碍有关。血管张力、血细胞循环、炎症和血小板活性是内皮细胞调节的一些最重要功能，它们会因环境污染而受到负面影响，导致内皮功能障碍。在这篇综述中，我们阐述了环境危险因素对内皮功能的影响。在机制层面，大量研究表明内皮功能障碍在根本上驱动了不同污染物对内皮健康的不良影响。我们关注已证实的研究，这些研究证明了对内皮的负面影响，重点是空气、噪音和重金属污染。这篇关于物理环境导致内皮功能障碍的深入综述旨在通过评估来自人类和动物研究的当前发现，满足相关研究需求。从公共卫生的角度来看，这些发现也可能有助于加强对心血管疾病有前景的生物标志物的研究，因为内皮功能被认为是环境应激源对健康影响的一个标志。
